J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2020 May;49(3):232-242. doi: 10.1016/j.jogn.2020.02.003. Epub 2020 Apr 2.
The objective of this commentary was to analyze the causes and outcomes of gut microbiome dysbiosis in preterm infants who are born at very low birth weight (VLBW). The intrauterine development of VLBW infants is interrupted abruptly with preterm birth and followed by extrauterine, health-threatening conditions and sequelae. These infants develop intestinal microbial dysbiosis characterized by low diversity, an overall reduction in beneficial and/or commensal bacteria, and enrichment of opportunistic pathogens of the Gammaproteobacteria class. The origin of VLBW infant dysbiosis is not well understood and is likely the result of a combination of immaturity and medical care. We propose that these factors interact to produce inflammation in the gut, which further perpetuates dysbiosis. Understanding the sources of dysbiosis could result in interventions to reduce gut inflammation, decrease enteric pathology, and improve health outcomes for these vulnerable infants.
本评论旨在分析极低出生体重（VLBW）早产儿肠道微生物组失调的原因和结果。VLBW 婴儿的宫内发育在早产时突然中断，随后出现宫外危及生命的情况和后遗症。这些婴儿会出现肠道微生物失调，其特征是多样性低、有益菌和/或共生菌总体减少，以及γ变形菌机会致病菌富集。VLBW 婴儿肠道菌群失调的起源尚不清楚，可能是不成熟和医疗保健共同作用的结果。我们提出，这些因素相互作用导致肠道炎症，从而进一步加剧菌群失调。了解菌群失调的来源可能有助于采取干预措施来减少肠道炎症、降低肠道病理，并改善这些脆弱婴儿的健康结果。
