Tadros Jocelyne S, Llerena Amelia, Sarkar Anujit, Johnson Reynold, Miller Elizabeth M, Gray Heewon L, Ho Thao T B
Department of Pediatrics, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States.
College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States.
Front Pediatr. 2022 Aug 9;10:850629. doi: 10.3389/fped.2022.850629. eCollection 2022.
Preterm infants are at high risk for growth failure and childhood weight problems due to the disruption of normal intrauterine growth and nutrition. Early nutritional support and microbiome acquisition can play an important role in childhood growth.
Our study examined potential postnatal indicators, including gut bacterial compositions, macronutrients, and catch-up growth, of growth pattern from infancy into early childhood.
This is a retrospective study of preterm infants born < 35 weeks who were followed up in the university complex care clinic from 2012-2018. Weight and length z-scores at birth, 1, 2, 4, 6, 12 and 15 months, and body mass index (BMI) and length z-scores from 2 to 5 years of age were collected. Catch-up growths were calculated by changes in z-scores and divided into early (birth-4 months) and late (4-18 months). Postnatal nutritional data and fecal samples were collected. Fecal microbiome data obtained from 16S RNA V4 sequencing was analyzed against clinical and growth data using a regression model.
160 infants included in the final analysis had birth weight and gestational age of 1,149 ± 496 grams and 28 ± 3 weeks. Early weight gain positively correlated with length z-scores but not with BMI at 2 years of age. BMI at 2 years of age strongly correlated with BMI at 3, 4, and 5 years of age. Postnatal abundance of Gammaproteobacteria was negatively associated with early growth while Bacteroides and Lactobacillus were positively associated with childhood BMI.
Our findings suggest that optimal postnatal nutrition promoted early catch-up growth in weight as well as improved linear growth without influence on childhood BMI. Postnatal gut microbial colonization, which is a modifiable factor, was associated with childhood growth in preterm infants.
由于正常的子宫内生长和营养受到干扰，早产儿出现生长发育迟缓及儿童期体重问题的风险很高。早期营养支持和微生物群获得在儿童生长中可发挥重要作用。
我们的研究考察了从婴儿期到幼儿期生长模式的潜在产后指标，包括肠道细菌组成、常量营养素和追赶生长。
这是一项对孕周<35周的早产儿进行的回顾性研究，这些早产儿于2012年至2018年在大学综合护理诊所接受随访。收集出生时、1、2、4、6、12和15个月时的体重和身长z评分，以及2至5岁时的体重指数（BMI）和身长z评分。通过z评分的变化计算追赶生长情况，并分为早期（出生至4个月）和晚期（4至18个月）。收集产后营养数据和粪便样本。使用回归模型，将通过16S RNA V4测序获得的粪便微生物群数据与临床和生长数据进行分析。
最终分析纳入的160名婴儿的出生体重和胎龄分别为1149±496克和28±3周。早期体重增加与身长z评分呈正相关，但与2岁时的BMI无关。2岁时的BMI与3、4和5岁时的BMI密切相关。产后γ-变形菌的丰度与早期生长呈负相关，而拟杆菌属和乳杆菌属与儿童期BMI呈正相关。
我们的研究结果表明，最佳的产后营养可促进早期体重追赶生长，并改善线性生长，而不影响儿童期BMI。产后肠道微生物定植是一个可改变的因素，与早产儿的儿童期生长有关。
