Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2020 May;64(10):e2000149. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.202000149. Epub 2020 Apr 21.
Although the physiological function of grape extract (GE) has long been recognized, the precise mechanism remains obscure. This study is designed to investigate the effects of GE on metabolism and the association between GE activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and the restoration of gut microbiota (GM).
Diet-induced obese mice are used to investigate the function of GE. GE administration increases energy metabolism and prevents obesity. Also, GE restores the dysbiosis of GM by augmenting the observed species, enhancing the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio and increasing the abundance of the Bifidobacteria, Akkermansia, and Clostridia genera. This restoration of GM alters the bile acid (BA) pool in the serum. The abundance of Akkermansia, Clostridium, and Bifidobacterium is negatively correlated with the concentrations of TαMCA, TβMCA, and TCA but is positively correlated with DCA. The changes in BA promoted TGR5 in BAT, which contributed to thermogenesis. The metabolites of GE in blood do not stimulate TGR5 in vitro.
GE stimulates the thermogenesis of BAT through a pathway involving the regulation of GM and BA in diet-induced obese mice. This study reveals the mechanism by which dietary polyphenols promote thermogenesis by regulating BA, which is altered by GM.
尽管葡萄提取物 (GE) 的生理功能早已被人们所认识，但确切的机制仍不清楚。本研究旨在探讨 GE 对代谢的影响，以及 GE 激活棕色脂肪组织 (BAT) 与恢复肠道微生物群 (GM) 之间的关联。
使用饮食诱导肥胖的小鼠来研究 GE 的功能。GE 给药可增加能量代谢，预防肥胖。此外，GE 通过增加观察到的物种、提高厚壁菌门与拟杆菌门的比例以及增加双歧杆菌属、阿克曼氏菌属和梭菌属的丰度来恢复 GM 的失调。这种 GM 的恢复改变了血清中的胆汁酸 (BA) 池。阿克曼氏菌属、梭菌属和双歧杆菌属的丰度与 TαMCA、TβMCA 和 TCA 的浓度呈负相关，但与 DCA 呈正相关。BA 的变化促进了 BAT 中的 TGR5，从而促进了产热。血液中 GE 的代谢物在体外不会刺激 TGR5。
GE 通过调节饮食诱导肥胖小鼠的 GM 和 BA 来刺激 BAT 的产热。本研究揭示了膳食多酚通过调节 BA 促进产热的机制，而 BA 是由 GM 改变的。
