Universidad Pontificia Comillas de Madrid.
Psicothema. 2020 May;32(2):189-196. doi: 10.7334/psicothema2019.263.
Several studies have shown differences in the motivational processes that lead to excessive alcohol consumption among adolescents. The paper focuses on the analysis of the reasons for alcohol consumption among minors, and compare the differences according to sex, age, and level of consumption.
A representative sample (N = 2,865) of adolescents aged 12 to 18 years (mean age 14.24, dt = 1.33) was collected. The variables abuse, binge drinking and drinking motives were evaluated using a questionnaire designed ad hoc, which identified the Cooper's four categories of motives.
The analyses (ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and logistic regression) showed that there were no differences between young men and women regarding consumption or binge drinking. Minors who abused alcohol experience consumption as pleasurable in itself, as an important source of intrinsic reinforcement. Conformity predicted the problematic consumption of alcohol among boys and a decrease in the frequency of binge drinking among girls. In addition, the larger group showed more presence of enhancement and social motives.
This study suggests that it would not be of interest to focus prevention on the negative consequences of consumption, but rather on the training of specific skills.
多项研究表明，青少年过度饮酒的动机过程存在差异。本文重点分析了未成年人饮酒的原因，并根据性别、年龄和饮酒水平进行了差异比较。
采集了 12 至 18 岁（平均年龄 14.24，dt=1.33）的代表性青少年样本（N=2865）。使用专门设计的问卷评估滥用、狂饮和饮酒动机等变量，该问卷确定了库珀的四类动机。
分析（方差分析、皮尔逊相关和逻辑回归）表明，男性和女性在饮酒或狂饮方面没有差异。滥用酒精的未成年人将饮酒本身视为愉悦，将其作为内在强化的重要来源。从众预测了男孩饮酒问题的发生，而女孩狂饮的频率下降。此外，较大的群体表现出更多的增强和社交动机。
本研究表明，关注预防措施的重点不在于消费的负面影响，而在于培养特定技能。
