School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Australia; The Clinical Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.
Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Hospital Rd, Randwick, 2013, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Musculoskelet Sci Pract. 2020 Aug;48:102159. doi: 10.1016/j.msksp.2020.102159. Epub 2020 Mar 21.
Implicit motor imagery performance is altered in a variety of chronic pain conditions, but it is not known whether this is the case in shoulder pain.
The aim of this study was to assess implicit motor imagery performance, using a valid and reliable shoulder left/right judgement task in people with shoulder pain.
Cross-sectional observational study.
Participants with (n = 369) and without (n = 747) shoulder pain completed the shoulder left/right judgement task (LRJT). Response times (RT), accuracy were determined. Age, gender, hand dominance, current pain intensity, Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) and pain duration recorded. Planned analysis included ANOVAs for current pain, RT and accuracy.
Gender and hand dominance distribution were similar between groups (p > 0.5). The shoulder pain participants were older, mean age (SD); 47(14)years, than the control group; 41(14)years, p < 0.01. Participants with shoulder pain were slower, mean RT(SD); 1809(746)ms than the controls; 1701(749)ms; p = 0.02, but no different in accuracy, mean % (SD); 93.2(8.5)% to controls; 94.1(9.4)%; p = 0.13. The differences in RT were resolved when age was entered as a covariate (p = 0.83). Regression of the data from the shoulder pain group only found that current pain was positively related to RT (B = 43.97) and negatively to accuracy (B = -0.70).
Participants with shoulder pain do not demonstrate poorer implicit motor imagery performance than people who are pain-free. However, more intense shoulder pain is associated with poorer implicit motor imagery performance. We recommend further research utilising the LRJT in well-defined clinically homogenous groups, with verified pain severity, functional disability, and chronicity.
在各种慢性疼痛病症中，内隐运动意象表现发生了改变，但肩部疼痛是否如此尚不清楚。
本研究旨在使用有效的、可靠的肩部左右判断任务评估肩部疼痛人群的内隐运动意象表现。
横断面观察性研究。
有（n=369）和无（n=747）肩部疼痛的参与者完成了肩部左右判断任务（LRJT）。确定了反应时间（RT）和准确性。记录了年龄、性别、惯用手、当前疼痛强度、肩部疼痛和残疾指数（SPADI）和疼痛持续时间。计划的分析包括当前疼痛、RT 和准确性的 ANOVA。
组间性别和惯用手分布相似（p>0.5）。肩部疼痛参与者年龄较大，平均年龄（SD）；47（14）岁，比对照组；41（14）岁，p<0.01。肩部疼痛患者较慢，平均 RT（SD）；1809（746）ms 比对照组；1701（749）ms；p=0.02，但准确性无差异，平均%（SD）；93.2（8.5）%对对照组；94.1（9.4）%；p=0.13。当将年龄作为协变量纳入时，RT 的差异得到解决（p=0.83）。对肩部疼痛组的数据进行回归分析发现，当前疼痛与 RT 呈正相关（B=43.97），与准确性呈负相关（B=-0.70）。
有肩部疼痛的参与者并未表现出比无痛人群更差的内隐运动意象表现。然而，更剧烈的肩部疼痛与更差的内隐运动意象表现相关。我们建议在具有明确定义的临床同质群体中，利用 LRJT 进行进一步研究，这些群体具有经过验证的疼痛严重程度、功能障碍和慢性疼痛。
