Institute for Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy, University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Lexington, Kentucky.
Department of Health Policy Management and Leadership, West Virginia University School of Public Health, Morgantown, West Virginia.
Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2020 Jul;33(4):326-333. doi: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000608.
Nearly every U.S. state operates a prescription drug monitoring program (PDMP) to monitor dispensing of controlled substances. These programs are often considered key policy levers in the ongoing polydrug epidemic. Recent years have seen rapid growth of peer-reviewed literature examining PDMP consultation and the impacts of these programs on diverse patient populations and health outcomes. This literature synthesis presents a review of studies published from June 2018 to December 2019 and provides relevant updates from the perspective of three researchers in this field.
The analyzed studies were primarily distributed across three overarching research focus areas: outcome evaluations (n = 29 studies), user surveys (n = 23), and surveillance (n = 22). Identified themes included growing awareness of the unintended consequences of PDMPs on access to opioids, effects on benzodiazepines and stimulant prescribing, challenges with workflow integration across multiple specialties, and new opportunities for applied data science.
There is a critical gap in existing PDMP literature assessing how these programs have impacted psychiatrists, their prescribing behaviors, and their patients. Although PDMPs have improved population-level monitoring of controlled substances from medical sources, their role in responding to a drug epidemic shifting to illicitly manufactured drugs is under scrutiny.
目的综述：几乎每个美国州都运营着一个处方药物监测项目（PDMP），以监测受控物质的配给情况。这些项目通常被视为应对多药滥用流行的关键政策手段。近年来，有关 PDMP 咨询及其对不同患者群体和健康结果的影响的同行评审文献迅速增加。本文献综述介绍了 2018 年 6 月至 2019 年 12 月期间发表的研究，并从该领域的三位研究人员的角度提供了相关的最新信息。
最新发现：分析的研究主要分布在三个总体研究重点领域：结果评估（n=29 项研究）、用户调查（n=23 项）和监测（n=22 项）。确定的主题包括对 PDMP 对阿片类药物获取的意外后果的认识不断提高，对苯二氮䓬类药物和兴奋剂处方的影响，跨多个专业整合工作流程的挑战，以及应用数据科学的新机会。
总结：现有 PDMP 文献在评估这些项目如何影响精神科医生、他们的处方行为及其患者方面存在重大空白。尽管 PDMP 已经改善了从医疗来源监测受控物质的人群水平，但它们在应对转向非法制造药物的药物流行方面的作用正在受到审查。
