Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vector-borne Diseases Control and Research, Yunnan Provincial Center of Malaria Research, Academician Workstation of Professor Jin Ningyi, Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases Innovative Team of Key Techniques for Vector Borne Disease Control and Prevention (Developing), Pu'er 665099, China.
Sing District Hospital of Luang Namtha Province, Luang Namtha 010000, Lao Democratic People's Republic.
Int J Infect Dis. 2020 Jul;96:141-147. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.066. Epub 2020 Apr 3.
The China-Laos border has been identified as an important origin of imported malaria outside China. The aim of this study was to describe the asymptomatic malaria infections and epidemic trend of malaria in the China-Laos border region.
A prevalence survey and surveillance of mosquito vectors was conducted in Muang Khua District of Phongsaly Province, China-Laos border, to determine the parasite carriage rate using nested PCR and microscopy. The species composition of malaria vectors was determined by overnight trapping. Blood samples were collected from 354 local residents aged 1-72 years in Sankang village in 2016. A total of 2430 adult mosquitoes were collected from four other villages in Muang Khua District from June to August 2016.
The parasite carriage rate was 7.63% (27/354) by microscopy or 7.91% (28/354) by nested PCR. The results of surveillance of the mosquito vectors revealed that the predominant genera of adult mosquitoes were Culex (69.92%, 1699/2430) and Anopheles (21.48%, 522/2430). Anopheles sinensis (82.95%, 433/522) was identified as the predominant species among the seven members of Anopheles found in this border region.
A high prevalence of asymptomatic malaria was present and the most important malaria vector was Anopheles sinensis, suggesting that the malaria epidemic situation on the China-Laos border is serious.
中老边境已被确定为中国境外输入性疟疾的重要来源地之一。本研究旨在描述中老边境地区的无症状疟原虫感染和疟疾流行趋势。
在中国-老挝边境的丰沙里省芒夸区进行了一项流行情况调查和蚊虫媒介监测，采用巢式 PCR 和显微镜检查来确定寄生虫携带率。通过夜间诱捕来确定疟疾媒介的物种组成。2016 年，从桑康村采集了年龄在 1-72 岁之间的 354 名当地居民的血液样本。2016 年 6 月至 8 月，从芒夸区的另外 4 个村庄共采集了 2430 只成年蚊子。
显微镜检查的寄生虫携带率为 7.63%（27/354），巢式 PCR 检查的寄生虫携带率为 7.91%（28/354）。蚊虫媒介监测结果显示，成蚊的主要属为库蚊（69.92%，1699/2430）和按蚊（21.48%，522/2430）。在所发现的 7 种按蚊中，中华按蚊（82.95%，433/522）被鉴定为该边境地区的主要蚊种。
存在较高的无症状疟疾流行率，最重要的疟疾媒介是中华按蚊，这表明中老边境的疟疾疫情严重。
