Radwan-Pragłowska Julia, Janus Łukasz, Piątkowski Marek, Bogdał Dariusz, Matysek Dalibor
Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, 31-155 Cracow, Poland.
Faculty of Mining and Geology, Technical University of Ostrava; 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic.
Polymers (Basel). 2020 Apr 2;12(4):792. doi: 10.3390/polym12040792.
Bone tissue is the second tissue to be replaced. Annually, over four million surgical treatments are performed. Tissue engineering constitutes an alternative to autologous grafts. Its application requires three-dimensional scaffolds, which mimic human body environment. Bone tissue has a highly organized structure and contains mostly inorganic components. The scaffolds of the latest generation should not only be biocompatible but also promote osteoconduction. Poly (lactic acid) nanofibers are commonly used for this purpose; however, they lack bioactivity and do not provide good cell adhesion. Chitosan is a commonly used biopolymer which positively affects osteoblasts' behavior. The aim of this article was to prepare novel hybrid 3D scaffolds containing nanohydroxyapatite capable of cell-response stimulation. The matrixes were successfully obtained by PLA electrospinning and microwave-assisted chitosan crosslinking, followed by doping with three types of metallic nanoparticles (Au, Pt, and TiO). The products and semi-components were characterized over their physicochemical properties, such as chemical structure, crystallinity, and swelling degree. Nanoparticles' and ready biomaterials' morphologies were investigated by SEM and TEM methods. Finally, the scaffolds were studied over bioactivity on MG-63 and effect on current-stimulated biomineralization. Obtained results confirmed preparation of tunable biomimicking matrixes which may be used as a promising tool for bone-tissue engineering.
骨组织是第二种被替代的组织。每年进行超过400万例外科治疗。组织工程是自体移植的一种替代方法。其应用需要三维支架，以模拟人体环境。骨组织具有高度有序的结构，且主要包含无机成分。最新一代的支架不仅应具有生物相容性，还应促进骨传导。聚乳酸纳米纤维通常用于此目的；然而，它们缺乏生物活性，且不能提供良好的细胞黏附性。壳聚糖是一种常用的生物聚合物，对成骨细胞的行为有积极影响。本文的目的是制备新型的含纳米羟基磷灰石的3D杂交支架，其能够刺激细胞反应。通过聚乳酸静电纺丝和微波辅助壳聚糖交联，随后掺杂三种类型的金属纳米颗粒（金、铂和二氧化钛），成功获得了基质。对产品和半成品的物理化学性质进行了表征，如化学结构、结晶度和溶胀度。通过扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜方法研究了纳米颗粒和成品生物材料的形态。最后，研究了支架对MG-63细胞的生物活性以及对电流刺激生物矿化的影响。获得的结果证实了可调谐仿生基质的制备，其可作为骨组织工程的一种有前景的工具。
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