Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Kinshasa, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.
Pediatr Nephrol. 2021 Apr;36(4):777-788. doi: 10.1007/s00467-020-04553-z. Epub 2020 Apr 6.
Individuals of African origin have an increased risk of developing various progressive chronic kidney diseases (CKD). This risk has been attributed to genetic variants (G1, G2) in apolipoprotein-L1 (APOL1) gene. In the pediatric population, especially in children affected by sickle cell disease (SCD), by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), or with various glomerular diseases, APOL1 risk variants have been associated with the development of hypertension, albuminuria, and more rapid decline of kidney function. The present review focuses on existing APOL1-related epidemiological data in children with CKD. It also includes data from studies addressing racial disparities in CKD, the APOL1-related innate immunity, and the relationship between APOL1 and CKD and pathogenic pathways mediating APOL1-related kidney injury.
非洲裔个体发生各种进行性慢性肾脏病（CKD）的风险增加。这种风险归因于载脂蛋白-L1（APOL1）基因中的遗传变异（G1、G2）。在儿科人群中，特别是在患有镰状细胞病（SCD）、人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）或各种肾小球疾病的儿童中，APOL1 风险变异与高血压、蛋白尿和肾功能更快下降有关。本综述重点介绍了与 CKD 儿童相关的现有 APOL1 相关流行病学数据。它还包括了研究种族差异、APOL1 相关先天免疫以及 APOL1 与 CKD 之间关系以及介导 APOL1 相关肾损伤的致病途径的相关数据。
