Hai Xin, Feng Ji, Chen Xuwei, Wang Jianhua
Department of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang 110819, China.
J Mater Chem B. 2018 May 28;6(20):3219-3234. doi: 10.1039/c8tb00428e. Epub 2018 Apr 30.
Due to their low toxicity, excellent biocompatibility and attractive optical properties, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have attracted significant attention in the analytical and biological fields. The controllable intrinsic nature of graphene nano-sheets, e.g., size, layer, edge state or shape, offer the chance to fabricate GQDs with tunable photoluminescence behaviors. Carboxylic moieties on the surface and edges of GQDs can provide efficient reactive sites for interaction with various polymeric, organic, inorganic and biological species. This not only provides the chance to tune the optical properties of GQDs via facile chemical approaches such as surface modulation and doping, but also makes GQDs eco-friendly alternatives to replace the traditional fluorescent probes in biological assays. This review highlights new insights into the various strategies for tuning the optical features of GQDs, and their employment as attractive and powerful probes for bio-sensing/imaging. The challenges and future perspectives in the related fields are discussed.
由于其低毒性、优异的生物相容性和吸引人的光学性质，石墨烯量子点（GQDs）在分析和生物领域引起了极大关注。石墨烯纳米片的可控内在性质，如尺寸、层数、边缘状态或形状，为制备具有可调光致发光行为的GQDs提供了机会。GQDs表面和边缘的羧基部分可为与各种聚合物、有机、无机和生物物种的相互作用提供有效的反应位点。这不仅提供了通过表面调制和掺杂等简便化学方法调节GQDs光学性质的机会，还使GQDs成为在生物分析中替代传统荧光探针的环保选择。本文综述重点介绍了调节GQDs光学特性的各种策略的新见解，以及它们作为用于生物传感/成像的有吸引力且强大的探针的应用。还讨论了相关领域的挑战和未来前景。
