School of Physics and Materials Science, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China.
J Mater Chem B. 2019 Feb 28;7(8):1209-1225. doi: 10.1039/c8tb02946f. Epub 2019 Jan 18.
MicroRNAs are small regulatory noncoding RNAs that regulate various biological processes associated with neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, cancer and viral infection. MiRNA-based therapeutics have broad applications including cancer immunotherapy, genomic engineering and protein replacement therapy. Until now, a variety of materials have been proved to be promising as non-viral nanocarriers for intracellular delivery of miRNAs, such as polymeric nanoparticles, lipid nanocapsules, and inorganic nanoparticles, etc. In this review, we will present the strategies for intracellular miRNA delivery, and specially focus on rationally designed routes, their mechanisms of action, and potential therapeutics used in the host cells or in vivo studies. Futhermore, we will also make a conclusion based on the current development. The perspective on the new generation of delivery systems toward the emerging area of miRNA-based therapeutics will be discussed as well.
微小 RNA 是一种小的调节性非编码 RNA，可以调节与神经紊乱、心血管疾病、癌症和病毒感染相关的各种生物过程。基于 miRNA 的治疗方法具有广泛的应用，包括癌症免疫治疗、基因组工程和蛋白质替代疗法。到目前为止，已经有多种材料被证明可以作为非病毒纳米载体，用于细胞内 miRNA 的递释，如聚合物纳米粒、脂质纳米胶囊和无机纳米粒等。在本综述中，我们将介绍细胞内 miRNA 递释的策略，并特别关注合理设计的途径、它们在宿主细胞或体内研究中的作用机制和潜在的治疗应用。此外，我们还将根据当前的发展情况进行总结。还将讨论针对 miRNA 治疗新兴领域的新一代递释系统的展望。
