Antimicrobial resistance pattern of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing isolated from fecal samples of piglets and pig farm workers of selected organized farms of India.

BACKGROUND AND AIM

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing are gradually increasing worldwide and carry a serious public threat. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial resistance pattern of ESBL-producing isolated from fecal samples of piglets and pig farm workers.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Fecal samples from <3-month-old piglets (n=156) and farm workers (n=21) were processed for the isolation of ESBL-producing in MacConkey agar added with 1 µg/mL of cefotaxime. (piglets=124; farm workers=21) were tested for ESBL production by combined disk method and ESBL E-strip test. Each of the ESBL-positive isolate was subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing. The ESBL-producing were further processed for genotypic confirmation to CTX-M gene.

RESULTS

A total of 55 (44.4%, 55/124) and nine (42.9%, 9/21) ESBL-producing were isolated from piglets and farm workers, respectively. Antibiotic susceptibility testing of the ESBL-positive isolates from piglets and farm workers showed 100% resistance to ceftazidime, cefotaxime, cefotaxime/clavulanic acid, ceftazidime/clavulanic acid, and cefpodoxime. A proportion of 100% (55/55) and 88.9% (8/9) ESBL-positive were multidrug resistance (MDR) in piglets and farm workers, respectively. On genotypic screening of the ESBL isolated from piglets (n=55), 15 were positive for the gene and of the nine ESBL from farm workers, none were positive for the gene.

CONCLUSION

Although there was no significant difference in isolation of ESBL-producing between piglets and farm workers, the ESBL-positive from piglets showed relatively higher MDR than farm workers.