Gonçalves Eva, Carvalhal Rui, Mesquita Rita, Azevedo Joana, Coelho Maria João, Magalhães Ricardo, Ferraz Maria Pia, Manso Maria Conceição, Gavinha Sandra, Pina Cristina, Lopes Cardoso Inês
Health Sciences Faculty, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal.
FP-ENAS - UFP Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal.
Saudi J Biol Sci. 2020 Apr;27(4):1003-1008. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.12.003. Epub 2019 Dec 16.
Methicillin-Resistant (MRSA) represents one of the major causes of nosocomial infections, leading to high mortality. Surfaces in clinics, as well as the attending uniform and the hands of the dental doctor can be MRSA reservoirs. Having this in mind, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of Methicillin-Sensitive (MSSA) and MRSA on dental medicine equipment surfaces. 354 Samples were collected from six equipment surfaces in six attendance areas before and after patient consultation and cultured in a selective medium. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was used to confirm the identity of bacterial strains as MRSA or MSSA. Data analysis was performed with chi-square tests with Bonferroni correction. It was observed 55.6% of uncontaminated samples. Contamination was: 17.5% MRSA (5.9% of samples collected before patient attendance and 11.6% after); 39.3% MSSA (14.1% collected before and 25.2% after). The prevalence of MRSA and MSSA was significantly higher after patient care. Integrated Clinic represented the most contaminated attendance area (MRSA - 41.7%, MSSA - 51.2%), the chair arm rest was the most contaminated surface for MRSA (29.7%) and the dental spittoon the most contaminated surface for MSSA (23.5%). Although a low level of contamination was observed, dental clinics, through patients possibly carrying bacteria, may be reservoirs for MRSA and MSSA transmission, and might contribute to potential nosocomial infections.
耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）是医院感染的主要原因之一，会导致高死亡率。诊所的表面、医护人员的制服以及牙科医生的手部都可能是MRSA的储存源。考虑到这一点，本研究的目的是评估牙科医疗设备表面甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌（MSSA）和MRSA的存在情况。在患者咨询前后，从六个就诊区域的六种设备表面采集了354个样本，并在选择性培养基中培养。使用聚合酶链反应（PCR）来确认细菌菌株是MRSA还是MSSA。采用经Bonferroni校正的卡方检验进行数据分析。观察到55.6%的样本未受污染。污染情况为：17.5%为MRSA（患者就诊前采集的样本中占5.9%，就诊后占11.6%）；39.3%为MSSA（就诊前采集的样本中占14.1%，就诊后占25.2%）。患者护理后，MRSA和MSSA的患病率显著更高。综合诊所是污染最严重的就诊区域（MRSA - 41.7%，MSSA - 51.2%），椅子扶手是MRSA污染最严重的表面（29.7%），牙科痰盂是MSSA污染最严重的表面（23.5%）。尽管观察到的污染水平较低，但牙科诊所可能通过携带细菌的患者成为MRSA和MSSA传播的储存源，并可能导致潜在的医院感染。
