Li Yu, Wu Qi, Sun Xin, Shen Jun, Chen Huaiyong
Department of Basic Medicine, Tianjin University Haihe Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Key Research Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention for State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin, China.
Stem Cells Int. 2020 Mar 11;2020:5847876. doi: 10.1155/2020/5847876. eCollection 2020.
Insults to the alveoli usually lead to inefficient gas exchange or even respiratory failure, which is difficult to model in animal studies. Over the past decade, stem cell-derived self-organizing three-dimensional organoids have emerged as a new avenue to recapitulate respiratory diseases in a dish. Alveolar organoids have improved our understanding of the mechanisms underlying tissue homeostasis and pathological alterations in alveoli. From this perspective, we review the state-of-the-art technology on establishing alveolar organoids from endogenous lung epithelial stem/progenitor cells or pluripotent stem cells, as well as the use of alveolar organoids for the study of respiratory diseases, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, tuberculosis infection, and respiratory virus infection. We also discuss challenges that need to be overcome for future application of alveolar organoids in individualized medicine.
对肺泡的损伤通常会导致气体交换效率低下甚至呼吸衰竭，这在动物研究中很难模拟。在过去十年中，干细胞衍生的自组织三维类器官已成为在培养皿中重现呼吸系统疾病的新途径。肺泡类器官增进了我们对肺泡组织稳态和病理改变潜在机制的理解。从这个角度出发，我们综述了从内源性肺上皮干细胞/祖细胞或多能干细胞建立肺泡类器官的最新技术，以及肺泡类器官在呼吸系统疾病研究中的应用，包括特发性肺纤维化、结核感染和呼吸道病毒感染。我们还讨论了肺泡类器官在个性化医学未来应用中需要克服的挑战。
