Deng Jiaojiao, Zhou Yongbin, Zhu Wenxu, Yin You
College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
Research Station of Liaohe-River Plain Forest Ecosystem, Chinese Forest Ecosystem Research Network (CFERN), Shenyang Agricultural University, Tieling, Liaoning, China.
PeerJ. 2020 Mar 25;8:e8857. doi: 10.7717/peerj.8857. eCollection 2020.
Grazing and litter removal can alter understory structure and composition after afforestation, posing a serious threat to sustainable forest development. Enclosure is considered to be an effective measure to restore degraded forest restoration. However, little is known about the dynamics of soil nutrients and microbial communities during the forest restoration process. In the present study, the effects of (AH), var. (PSM) and var. with enclosure (PSME) on soil chemical properties and soil microbial communities were studied in Zhanggutai, Liaoning Province, China. The results showed that PSME could remarkably contribute to improve soil total C, total N and total P compared to PSM and AH. Additionally, PSM could clearly increase the soil bacterial community diversity and fungal Chao1 index and ACE index. Additionally, PSME could further increase soil Chao1 index and ACE index of soil bacteria. Soil total C, total N and available N were the main factors related to soil microbial diversity. Actinobacteria and Ascomycota were the predominant bacterial and fungal phyla, respectively. Specifically, PSME could increase the relative abundances of Actinobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Ascomycota and Mortierellomycota and decreased the relative abundances of Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi and Basidiomycota than PSM. PSM and PSME could clearly change soil microbial communities compared with AH and PSME could remarkably shift soil fungal communities than PSM. What's more, the soil microbial community structure were affected by multiple edaphic chemical parameters. It can be seen that afforestation combined with enclosed management potentially regulate microbial properties through shifting the soil properties. This study can provide new ideas for further understanding the impact of enclosure on PSM and provide theoretical support for the management of PSM.
造林后放牧和凋落物清除会改变林下植被结构和组成，对森林可持续发展构成严重威胁。围栏被认为是恢复退化森林的有效措施。然而，关于森林恢复过程中土壤养分和微生物群落的动态变化知之甚少。在本研究中，在中国辽宁省章古台研究了紫穗槐（AH）、柠条锦鸡儿变种（PSM）和带围栏的柠条锦鸡儿变种（PSME）对土壤化学性质和土壤微生物群落的影响。结果表明，与PSM和AH相比，PSME能显著提高土壤有机碳、全氮和全磷含量。此外，PSM能明显增加土壤细菌群落多样性以及真菌的Chao1指数和ACE指数。此外，PSME能进一步提高土壤细菌的Chao1指数和ACE指数。土壤有机碳、全氮和有效氮是与土壤微生物多样性相关的主要因素。放线菌门和子囊菌门分别是主要的细菌门和真菌门。具体而言，与PSM相比，PSME能增加放线菌门、芽单胞菌门、子囊菌门和被孢霉门的相对丰度，降低酸杆菌门、绿弯菌门和担子菌门的相对丰度。与AH相比，PSM和PSME能明显改变土壤微生物群落，且PSME比PSM能更显著地改变土壤真菌群落。此外，土壤微生物群落结构受多种土壤化学参数的影响。可见，造林结合围栏管理可能通过改变土壤性质来调节微生物特性。本研究可为进一步了解围栏对柠条锦鸡儿的影响提供新思路，并为柠条锦鸡儿的管理提供理论支持。
