Department of Oncology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China.
Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100038, China.
Biomed Res Int. 2020 Mar 9;2020:6843180. doi: 10.1155/2020/6843180. eCollection 2020.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common gastrointestinal tumors and the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Since traditional biopsies are invasive and do not reflect tumor heterogeneity or monitor the dynamic progression of tumors, there is an urgent need for new noninvasive methods that can supplement and improve the current management strategies of CRC. Blood-based liquid biopsies are a promising noninvasive biomarker that can detect disease early, assist in staging, monitor treatment responses, and predict relapse and metastasis. Over time, an increasing number of experiments have indicated the clinical utility of liquid biopsies in CRC. In this review, we mainly focus on the development of circulating tumor cells and circulating tumor DNA as key components of liquid biopsies in CRC and introduce the potential of exosomal microRNAs as emerging liquid biopsy markers in clinical application for CRC.
结直肠癌（CRC）是最常见的胃肠道肿瘤之一，也是全球癌症死亡的第二大主要原因。由于传统的活检具有侵袭性，不能反映肿瘤异质性或监测肿瘤的动态进展，因此迫切需要新的非侵入性方法来补充和改进 CRC 的现有管理策略。基于血液的液体活检是一种很有前途的非侵入性生物标志物，可以早期发现疾病，辅助分期，监测治疗反应，并预测复发和转移。随着时间的推移，越来越多的实验表明液体活检在 CRC 中的临床应用价值。在这篇综述中，我们主要关注循环肿瘤细胞和循环肿瘤 DNA 作为液体活检在 CRC 中的关键组成部分的发展，并介绍外泌体 microRNAs 作为 CRC 临床应用中新兴液体活检标志物的潜力。
