Ibrahim Fouad Ghadha
Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth Street, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt.
Heliyon. 2020 Apr 1;6(4):e03659. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03659. eCollection 2020 Apr.
Hypercholesterolemia is a metabolic disorder associated with atherosclerosis. This study aimed to investigate the effects of omega-3 and/or coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on hypercholesterolemia-induced atherosclerosis. Rats were divided into five groups; (1): served as the negative control, (2): served as hypercholesterolemic (HC) control, (3): HC-rats administrated omega-3 orally, (4): HC-rats administrated CoQ10 orally, and (5): HC-rats administered the combination treatment of both omega-3 and CoQ10. Lipid profile was assayed and cardiovascular risk indices were calculated. Serum levels of Adiponectin (APN) and creatine kinase (CK-MB) were determined using ELISA. Besides, oxidative stress markers, malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and glutathione (GSH) were assayed in the heart homogenate. Histopathological investigation of the aortae and heart tissues were investigated. The results revealed that atherogenic HC-rats demonstrated a significant elevation in lipid profiles, except for HDL-C, along with decreased levels of APN, but increased CK-MB activities. Hypercholesterolemia increased lipid peroxidation, reduced NO production, and decreased GSH content in the cardiac tissue. Treatment of atherogenic HC-rats with omega-3 and/or CoQ10 improved dyslipidemia and ameliorated most of the HC-induced biochemical and histopathological changes. The histological observations of aortae and cardiac tissues validated our biochemical results. We concluded that the combined treatment of nutraceuticals such as omega-3 and CoQ10 demonstrated the best outcome, demonstrating their anti-hyperlipidemic, cardioprotective, and atheroprotective potentials. Together, this study supports a beneficial role of dietary co-administration of omega-3 and CoQ10 in obese patients who are prone to develop cardiovascular disorders.
高胆固醇血症是一种与动脉粥样硬化相关的代谢紊乱疾病。本研究旨在探讨ω-3和/或辅酶Q10（CoQ10）对高胆固醇血症诱导的动脉粥样硬化的影响。将大鼠分为五组：（1）作为阴性对照；（2）作为高胆固醇血症（HC）对照；（3）口服ω-3的HC大鼠；（4）口服CoQ10的HC大鼠；（5）同时接受ω-3和CoQ10联合治疗的HC大鼠。检测血脂谱并计算心血管风险指数。使用酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）测定血清脂联素（APN）和肌酸激酶（CK-MB）水平。此外，在心脏匀浆中检测氧化应激标志物丙二醛（MDA）、一氧化氮（NO）和谷胱甘肽（GSH）。对主动脉和心脏组织进行组织病理学研究。结果显示，除高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）外，致动脉粥样硬化的HC大鼠血脂谱显著升高，同时APN水平降低，但CK-MB活性增加。高胆固醇血症增加了心脏组织中的脂质过氧化，降低了NO生成，并减少了GSH含量。用ω-3和/或CoQ10治疗致动脉粥样硬化的HC大鼠可改善血脂异常，并减轻大多数由HC诱导的生化和组织病理学变化。主动脉和心脏组织的组织学观察证实了我们的生化结果。我们得出结论，ω-3和CoQ10等营养保健品的联合治疗效果最佳，显示出它们的抗高血脂、心脏保护和抗动脉粥样硬化潜力。总之，本研究支持在易患心血管疾病的肥胖患者中联合使用ω-3和CoQ10的有益作用。
