Bray N W, Jones G J, Rush K L, Jones C A, Jakobi J M
Jennifer M. Jakobi, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Development, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada, V1V 1V7,
J Frailty Aging. 2020;9(2):111-117. doi: 10.14283/jfa.2020.13.
No study has performed an exercise intervention that included high-intensity, free-weight, functional resistance training, and assessed frailty status as an inclusion criteria and outcome measure via original, standardized tools, in pre-frail females.
Determine if the intervention strategy is not only feasible and safe, but can also improve frailty status, functional task performance, and muscle strength.
Pilot, quasi-experimental.
Community.
20 older-adults with pre-frailty characteristics.
12-weeks (3 days/week, 45-60 minutes/session) of multi-component exercise, inclusive of aerobic, resistance, balance and flexibility exercises. The crux of the program was balance and resistance exercises, the latter utilized high-intensity, free-weight, functional resistance training. The control group maintained their usual care.
No participants dropped out of the intervention or experienced an adverse event, and adherence averaged 88.3%. The exercise group became less frail, whereas the control group became more frail. There was a significant within-group improvement in exercise participants gait speed (p ≤ 0.01, +0.24 m/sec), grip strength (p ≤ 0.01, +3.9 kg), and sit-to-stand time (p ≤ 0.01, -5.0 sec). There was a significant within-group improvement in exercise participants knee extension isometric torque (p ≤ 0.05, +7.4 Nm) and isotonic velocity (p = ≤ 0.01, +37.5 ˚/sec). Elbow flexion isotonic velocity significantly declined within the control group (p ≤ 0.01, -20.2 ˚/sec) and demonstrated a significant between-group difference (p ≤ 0.05, 40.73 ˚/sec) post-intervention.
The intervention strategy appears to be feasible and safe, and may also improve frailty status, functional task performance, and muscle strength. These results help calculate effect size for a future randomized controlled trial.
尚无研究对虚弱前期女性实施包括高强度、自由重量、功能性抗阻训练的运动干预，并通过原始的标准化工具将虚弱状态作为纳入标准和结局指标进行评估。
确定该干预策略是否不仅可行且安全，还能改善虚弱状态、功能性任务表现和肌肉力量。
试点性准实验研究。
社区。
20名具有虚弱前期特征的老年人。
为期12周（每周3天，每次45 - 60分钟）的多组分运动，包括有氧运动、抗阻运动、平衡运动和柔韧性运动。该项目的关键是平衡运动和抗阻运动，后者采用高强度、自由重量、功能性抗阻训练。对照组维持其常规护理。
1）可行性和安全性（退出率、依从性和不良事件）；2）虚弱程度（虚弱表型、临床虚弱量表和步速）；3）功能性任务表现（握力和从坐到站的时间）；4）膝关节伸肌和肘关节屈肌的等长和等张力量。
无参与者退出干预或发生不良事件，平均依从率为88.3%。运动组的虚弱程度减轻，而对照组的虚弱程度加重。运动参与者的步速（p≤0.01，增加0.24米/秒）、握力（p≤0.01，增加3.9千克）和从坐到站的时间（p≤0.01，减少5.0秒）在组内有显著改善。运动参与者的膝关节伸展等长扭矩（p≤0.05，增加7.4牛米）和等张速度（p =≤0.01，增加37.5°/秒）在组内有显著改善。对照组的肘关节屈曲等张速度显著下降（p≤0.01，减少20.2°/秒），且干预后组间差异显著（p≤0.05，相差40.73°/秒）。
该干预策略似乎可行且安全，还可能改善虚弱状态、功能性任务表现和肌肉力量。这些结果有助于为未来的随机对照试验计算效应量。
