Rojas Natalia González, Cesarini Martin, Etcheverry José Luis, Prat Gustavo Andrés Da, Arciuch Valeria Antico, Gatto Emilia Mabel
Instituto Neurociencias Buenos Aires (INEBA), Guardia Vieja 4435, CABA, Argentina.
Sanatorio de la Trinidad Mitre, Bartolomé Mitre 2553, CABA, Argentina.
J Integr Neurosci. 2020 Mar 30;19(1):187-199. doi: 10.31083/j.jin.2020.01.3.
Several epidemiological studies support low cancer rates in patients with neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. Different mechanisms were raised as possible causes, from mutated tumor suppressor genes (PARKIN, PINK1) to small interfering RNA based on the CAG trinucleotide repeat expansions located in introns or untranslated regions. However, as every rule has an exception, some tumors have an increased incidence in these neurodegenerative diseases such as breast and skin cancer (melanoma). This mini-review aims to establish the epidemiology between these neurodegenerative disorders and cancer to determine the possible mechanisms involved and therefore set eventual therapeutic applications. According to our findings, we conclude the presence of an inverse relationship among most cancers and the aforementioned neurodegenerative disorders. However, this concept needs to be considered cautiously considering specific genetic and extra-genetic linkage factors for particular tumors.
多项流行病学研究表明，患有神经退行性疾病（包括帕金森病、亨廷顿舞蹈症和阿尔茨海默病）的患者患癌率较低。人们提出了不同的机制作为可能的病因，从突变的肿瘤抑制基因（PARKIN、PINK1）到基于位于内含子或非翻译区的CAG三核苷酸重复扩增的小干扰RNA。然而，正如每个规则都有例外一样，在这些神经退行性疾病中，某些肿瘤（如乳腺癌和皮肤癌（黑色素瘤））的发病率会增加。本综述旨在确立这些神经退行性疾病与癌症之间的流行病学关系，以确定其中可能涉及的机制，从而确定最终的治疗应用。根据我们的研究结果，我们得出结论，大多数癌症与上述神经退行性疾病之间存在负相关关系。然而，考虑到特定肿瘤的特定遗传和非遗传连锁因素，这一概念需要谨慎对待。
