Department of Occupational Safety and Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
Graduate Institute of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Apr 4;17(7):2474. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17072474.
The air pollution emitted by petrochemical industrial complexes (PICs) may affect the respiratory health of surrounding residents. Previous meta-analyses have indicated a higher risk of lung cancer mortality and incidence among residents near a PIC. Therefore, in this study, a meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the degree to which PIC exposure increases the risk of the development of nonmalignant respiratory symptoms among residents. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to systematically identify, select, and critically appraise relevant research. Finally, we identified 16 study groups reporting 5 types of respiratory symptoms: asthma, bronchitis, cough, rhinitis, and wheezing. We estimated pooled odds ratios (ORs) using random-effect models and investigated the robustness of pooled estimates in subgroup analyses by location, observation period, and age group. We determined that residential exposure to a PIC was significantly associated with a higher incidence of cough (OR = 1.35), wheezing (OR = 1.28), bronchitis (OR = 1.26), rhinitis (OR = 1.17), and asthma (OR = 1.15), although the latter two associations did not reach statistical significance. Subgroup analyses suggested that the association remained robust across different groups for cough and bronchitis. We identified high heterogeneity for asthma, rhinitis, and wheezing, which could be due to higher ORs in South America. Our meta-analysis indicates that residential exposure to a PIC is associated with an increased risk of nonmalignant respiratory symptoms.
石化工业综合体（PIC）排放的空气污染可能会影响周边居民的呼吸健康。先前的荟萃分析表明，居住在 PIC 附近的居民患肺癌死亡率和发病率的风险更高。因此，在这项研究中，进行了荟萃分析，以评估 PIC 暴露对居民发生非恶性呼吸症状的风险程度。我们遵循系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南，系统地识别、选择和批判性地评估相关研究。最后，我们确定了 16 个研究组报告了 5 种呼吸症状：哮喘、支气管炎、咳嗽、鼻炎和喘息。我们使用随机效应模型估计了汇总优势比（OR），并通过位置、观察期和年龄组的亚组分析来研究汇总估计值的稳健性。我们确定，居住在石化工业综合体附近与咳嗽（OR=1.35）、喘息（OR=1.28）、支气管炎（OR=1.26）、鼻炎（OR=1.17）和哮喘（OR=1.15）的发病率升高显著相关，尽管后两种关联未达到统计学意义。亚组分析表明，咳嗽和支气管炎在不同人群中仍然存在关联。我们发现哮喘、鼻炎和喘息的异质性很高，这可能是由于南美洲的 OR 较高。我们的荟萃分析表明，居住在石化工业综合体附近与非恶性呼吸症状的风险增加有关。
