Camba Sherwin I, Del Valle Fletcher P, Umali Dennis V, Soma Takehisa, Shirota Kazutoshi, Katoh Hiromitsu, Sasai Kazumi
Poultry Products Quality Control Co. (PPQC Co. Ltd) 125-7 Daiwa Dakeonsen, Nihonmatsu, Fukushima 964-0062, Japan.
Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-oraikita, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan.
Avian Dis. 2020 Mar;64(1):46-52. doi: 10.1637/0005-2086-64.1.46.
Rodents serve as amplifiers of infections in poultry flocks and can serve as a source of contamination in the environment even after thorough cleaning and disinfection. This study aims to determine the dynamics of occurrence in rodents and its relation to contamination in the layer farm environment, including air dusts and eggs. From 2008 to 2017, roof rats (), environmental swabs, air dusts, and eggs were collected from an intensive commercial layer farm in East Japan and were tested for spp. using standard procedures. In roof rat samples, the isolation rate was reached at 10% (95% confidence interval [CI] 8.1-21.9) in which Corvallis, Infantis, Potsdam, and Mbandaka were the frequent isolates from the cecal portion of the intestines. On the other hand, the prevalence rate of in environmental swabs was at 5.1% (95% CI 2.2-7.4) while air dusts were at 0.9% (95% CI 0.2-1.8). It was observed that the prevalence of predominant serotypes shifted over time; in roof rats, it was noted that Potsdam gradually replaced Infantis. In environmental swabs and eggs, Corvallis and Potsdam increased significantly while Infantis became less frequent. In air dusts, Corvallis was observed to decrease and Potsdam became more common. Based on our findings, the role of roof rats in the epidemiology of in layer farms was expanded from being a reservoir and an amplifier host into a shifting vessel of the most predominant serotypes.
啮齿动物是家禽群感染的放大器，即使经过彻底清洁和消毒，它们仍可能成为环境中的污染源。本研究旨在确定啮齿动物中感染的发生动态及其与蛋鸡场环境（包括空气灰尘和鸡蛋）污染的关系。2008年至2017年，从日本东部一个集约化商业蛋鸡场收集屋顶鼠、环境拭子、空气灰尘和鸡蛋，并使用标准程序检测其中的[具体菌名]。在屋顶鼠样本中，[具体菌名]的分离率达到10%（95%置信区间[CI]8.1 - 21.9），其中科瓦利斯、婴儿亚种、波茨坦和姆班达卡是从肠道盲肠部分频繁分离出的菌株。另一方面，环境拭子中[具体菌名]的流行率为5.1%（95% CI 2.2 - 7.4），而空气灰尘中的流行率为0.9%（95% CI 0.2 - 1.8）。观察到主要[具体菌名]血清型的流行率随时间变化；在屋顶鼠中，注意到波茨坦逐渐取代了婴儿亚种。在环境拭子和鸡蛋中，科瓦利斯和波茨坦显著增加，而婴儿亚种变得不那么常见。在空气灰尘中，观察到科瓦利斯减少，波茨坦变得更常见。根据我们的研究结果，屋顶鼠在蛋鸡场[具体菌名]流行病学中的作用从储存宿主和放大器宿主扩展为最主要血清型的转移载体。
