Siceloff Amy T, Waltman Doug, Gunning Christian E, Nolan Sean P, Rohani Pejman, Shariat Nikki W
Department of Population Health, Poultry Diagnostic and Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.
Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.
Front Microbiol. 2025 Jul 16;16:1570593. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1570593. eCollection 2025.
Recent advances in next-generation sequencing approaches have revealed that often exists in multiserovar populations, with important implications for public health as time and resource constraints limit serovar characterization by colony-based isolation methods. It is important to characterize population dynamics to then understand how the microbial ecology influences serovar evolution and thus, animal and human health outcomes. Chicken remains the leading source of foodborne outbreaks in the U. S., despite reductions in contamination at the product level, underscoring the need for targeted control strategies. This study aimed to survey multiserovar populations in broiler breeder flocks and monitor fluctuations throughout production. Deep serotyping was performed on environmental breeder samples collected over 2 years as part of a surveillance program. About 18% (104/568) of samples contained multiple serovars, with serovar Kentucky negatively associated with other serovars, often excluding them. Longitudinal sampling across two commercial complexes over 65 weeks included pullet and breeder farms. Environmental samples were collected via pre-moistened boot socks and rodent bait boxes, with on-farm rodents captured. prevalence in pullet flocks was 17% (11/64), while 41% (135/330) of breeder samples were positive, peaking at 38 weeks of age. Rodents showed 35% (17/49) positivity in gastrointestinal samples and 9% (3/33) in bait station swabs, with six serovars identified, three of which were shared with flocks. Our cross-sectional and longitudinal surveillance highlights the complexity of serovar interactions with further work required to elucidate the mechanisms of competitive exclusion.
新一代测序方法的最新进展表明，其通常存在于多血清型群体中，由于时间和资源限制使得基于菌落分离方法的血清型鉴定受到影响，这对公共卫生具有重要意义。表征群体动态对于理解微生物生态如何影响血清型进化进而影响动物和人类健康结果至关重要。在美国，尽管产品层面的污染有所减少，但鸡肉仍然是食源性疫情的主要来源，这突出了针对性控制策略的必要性。本研究旨在调查肉种鸡群中的多血清型群体，并监测整个生产过程中的波动情况。作为监测计划的一部分，对在两年内收集的环境种鸡样本进行了深度血清分型。约18%（104/568）的样本包含多种血清型，肯塔基血清型与其他血清型呈负相关，通常会排除其他血清型。在两个商业养殖场进行的为期65周的纵向采样涵盖了育成鸡场和种鸡场。通过预先湿润的靴套和啮齿动物诱饵盒收集环境样本，并捕获农场内的啮齿动物。育成鸡群中的检出率为17%（11/64），而种鸡样本的阳性率为41%（135/330），在第38周龄时达到峰值。啮齿动物胃肠道样本的阳性率为35%（17/49），诱饵站拭子的阳性率为9%（3/33），共鉴定出六种血清型，其中三种与鸡群相同。我们的横断面和纵向监测突出了血清型相互作用的复杂性，需要进一步开展工作以阐明竞争排斥机制。
