Francis Sheena, Crawford Jervis, McKenzie Sashell, Campbell Towanna, Wright Danisha, Hamilton Trevann, Huntley-Jones Sherine, Spence Simone, Belemvire Allison, Alavi Kristen, Gutierrez Carolina Torres
Natural Products Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica.
Abt Associates, 70 Half-Way Tree Road, Kingston, Jamaica.
R Soc Open Sci. 2020 Mar 18;7(3):192041. doi: 10.1098/rsos.192041. eCollection 2020 Mar.
Insecticide resistance has become problematic in tropical and subtropical regions, where mosquitoes and -borne arboviral diseases thrive. With the recent occurrence of chikungunya and the Zika virus in Jamaica, the Ministry of Health and Wellness, Jamaica, partnered with the United States Agency for International Development to implement multiple intervention activities to reduce the populations in seven parishes across the island and to assess the susceptibility of collected samples to various concentrations of temephos, subsp. (Bti), diflubenzuron and methoprene. Of the insecticides tested, only temephos has been used in routine larviciding activities in the island. The results showed that only temephos at concentrations 0.625 ppm and Bti at concentrations 6-8 ppm were effective at causing 98-100% mortality of local at 24 h exposure. Surprisingly, the growth inhibitors diflubenzuron and methoprene had minimal effect at preventing adult emergence in larvae in the populations tested. The results demonstrate the need for insecticide resistance testing as a routine part of vector control monitoring activies in order to determine useful tools that may be incorporated to reduce the abundance of .
杀虫剂抗性已成为热带和亚热带地区的一个问题，在这些地区，蚊子和蚊媒虫媒病毒疾病肆虐。随着近期牙买加出现基孔肯雅热和寨卡病毒，牙买加卫生与健康部与美国国际开发署合作，开展多项干预活动，以减少该岛七个教区的蚊子数量，并评估采集样本对不同浓度的双硫磷、苏云金芽孢杆菌以色列亚种（Bti）、除虫脲和烯虫酯的敏感性。在所测试的杀虫剂中，只有双硫磷曾用于该岛的常规杀幼虫活动。结果表明，仅浓度为0.625 ppm的双硫磷和浓度为6 - 8 ppm的Bti在24小时暴露时能使当地伊蚊幼虫死亡率达到98 - 100%。令人惊讶的是，在所测试的种群中，生长抑制剂除虫脲和烯虫酯在阻止伊蚊幼虫羽化方面效果甚微。结果表明，需要将杀虫剂抗性测试作为病媒控制监测活动的常规部分，以便确定可用于减少伊蚊数量的有效工具。
