Shrestha Rupendra, Wen Yao-Tseng, Tsai Rong-Kung
Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
Institute of Eye Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.
Tzu Chi Med J. 2019 Sep 30;32(2):101-112. doi: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_147_19. eCollection 2020 Apr-Jun.
The visual impairment associated with inherited retinal degeneration and age-related degeneration of photoreceptors is causing substantial challenges in finding effective therapies. However, induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived therapeutic cells such as photoreceptor and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells provide the ultimate options in the rescue of lost photoreceptors to improve the visual function in end-stage degeneration. Retinal cells derived from iPSC are therapeutic cells that could be promising in the field of cell replacement therapy and regenerative medicine. This review presents an overview of the photoreceptor degeneration, methods of iPSC generation, iPSC in retinal disease modeling, summarizes the photoreceptor differentiation protocols, and challenges remained with photoreceptor cell replacement for the treatment of retinal diseases. Thus, the burden and increased incidence of visual impairment emphasizes the need of novel therapy, where iPSC-derived photoreceptor and RPE cells proved to be promising for curing the retinal dysfunction and act as renovation in approach to improve visual function.
与遗传性视网膜变性和光感受器的年龄相关性变性相关的视力损害，在寻找有效治疗方法方面带来了巨大挑战。然而，诱导多能干细胞（iPSC）衍生的治疗性细胞，如光感受器和视网膜色素上皮（RPE）细胞，为挽救丧失的光感受器以改善终末期变性的视觉功能提供了最终选择。源自iPSC的视网膜细胞是治疗性细胞，在细胞替代疗法和再生医学领域可能很有前景。本文综述了光感受器变性、iPSC生成方法、iPSC在视网膜疾病建模中的应用，总结了光感受器分化方案，以及光感受器细胞替代治疗视网膜疾病仍然面临的挑战。因此，视力损害的负担和发病率增加凸显了新型疗法的必要性，其中iPSC衍生的光感受器和RPE细胞被证明有望治愈视网膜功能障碍，并成为改善视觉功能方法中的革新手段。
