Shrier Lydia A, Burke Pamela J, Parker Sarah, Edwards Rori, Jonestrask Cassandra, Pluhar Emily, Harris Sion Kim
Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Mhealth. 2020 Apr 5;6:17. doi: 10.21037/mhealth.2019.11.05. eCollection 2020.
BACKGROUND: Depressed young women have elevated rates of unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The objective of this study was to develop and pilot-test a counseling-plus-mHealth intervention to reduce sexual and reproductive health (SRH) risk in young women with depressive symptoms. METHODS: Using the Behavior-Determinants-Intervention logic model, we developed the Momentary Affect Regulation-Safer Sex Intervention (MARSSI) to address the challenges that depression imposes on SRH risk reduction efforts of high-risk young women: (I) in-person counseling using motivational interviewing (MI) to elicit motivation for safer sex and develop a behavior change plan, and teaching cognitive-behavioral skills to manage negative thoughts and affective states; (II) 4-week Ecological Momentary Intervention (EMI) on a smartphone to report momentary phenomena related to depression and SRH risk, and receive personalized, tailored messages prompting healthy behaviors and encouraging cognitive-behavioral skill use when risk-related cognitions and negative affect are reported; and (III) booster counseling to review behavior change goals and plans and teach a new cognitive-behavioral skill. We developed the counseling through iterative interviews with 11 participants and developed the EMI through a 2-week trial with three participants, then revised MARSSI to reflect participant feedback. We next conducted a pilot-test among depressed, high-risk female adolescent clinic patients age 15-24. Pilot participants completed mental health, motivation to change behavior, and SRH behavior assessments and provided feedback at baseline, post-EMI, and at 3-month follow-up. We analyzed participant retention, counseling duration, app engagement, intervention quality ratings, and participant feedback, and compared mental health and SRH risk behavior across the study. RESULTS: Seventeen participants completed the initial counseling session, 15 participated in the EMI, 14 returned for the booster session, and 14 completed the 3-month follow-up. App engagement was high for all 4 EMI weeks (≥1 report/day for median ≥6 days/week). Post-intervention, most or all participants agreed with each positive statement about the messages, reported "Excellent" MARSSI usefulness, and attributed improvements to MARSSI. Compared to baseline, post-EMI depressive symptoms, confidence to change self-selected risk behavior, and confidence to use the cognitive restructuring skill improved. At 3 months, depressive symptom scores remained lower and confidence to use cognitive restructuring remained higher, compared to baseline. Participants also reported lower frequency of sex, lower proportion of condom-unprotected sex events, and, among those using effective contraception, more consistent condom use at 3-month follow-up vs. baseline. CONCLUSIONS: MARSSI was feasible, acceptable, and engaging to young women with depression and SRH risk behavior, and was associated with increased confidence to reduce SRH risk, decreased SRH risk behaviors, increased confidence to use cognitive restructuring, and decreased depressive symptoms over 3 months. Future research is warranted to evaluate MARSSI's efficacy to improve motivation, skills, affect, and behaviors, as well as reproductive health outcomes in high-risk depressed young women.
背景:抑郁的年轻女性意外怀孕和性传播感染(STIs)的发生率较高。本研究的目的是开发并进行试点测试一种咨询加移动健康干预措施,以降低有抑郁症状的年轻女性的性与生殖健康(SRH)风险。 方法:使用行为决定因素干预逻辑模型,我们开发了即时情绪调节 - 安全性行为干预(MARSSI),以应对抑郁症给高危年轻女性降低SRH风险的努力带来的挑战:(I)采用动机性访谈(MI)进行面对面咨询,以激发安全性行为的动机并制定行为改变计划,并教授认知行为技能以管理消极思想和情感状态;(II)在智能手机上进行为期4周的生态即时干预(EMI),报告与抑郁和SRH风险相关的即时现象,并接收个性化、量身定制的信息,当报告与风险相关的认知和消极情绪时,提示健康行为并鼓励使用认知行为技能;(III)强化咨询,以回顾行为改变目标和计划,并教授一种新的认知行为技能。我们通过对11名参与者的迭代访谈开发了咨询内容,并通过对3名参与者进行的为期两周的试验开发了EMI,然后修订了MARSSI以反映参与者的反馈。接下来,我们在15至24岁的抑郁、高危女性青少年门诊患者中进行了试点测试。试点参与者完成了心理健康、行为改变动机和SRH行为评估,并在基线、EMI后和3个月随访时提供了反馈。我们分析了参与者的留存率、咨询时长、应用程序参与度、干预质量评级和参与者反馈,并比较了整个研究过程中的心理健康和SRH风险行为。 结果:17名参与者完成了初始咨询 session,15名参与了EMI,14名返回参加强化 session,14名完成了3个月随访。在EMI的所有4周中,应用程序参与度都很高(中位数≥6天/周,每天≥1次报告)。干预后,大多数或所有参与者都同意关于信息的每一条积极陈述,报告MARSSI“非常有用”,并将改善归因于MARSSI。与基线相比,EMI后抑郁症状、改变自我选择的风险行为的信心以及使用认知重构技能的信心有所改善。在3个月时,与基线相比,抑郁症状评分仍然较低,使用认知重构的信心仍然较高。参与者还报告说,在3个月随访时与基线相比,性行为频率较低,未使用避孕套的性行为事件比例较低,并且在使用有效避孕措施的人群中,避孕套使用更加一致。 结论:MARSSI对于有抑郁和SRH风险行为的年轻女性是可行的、可接受的且具有吸引力的,并且与降低SRH风险的信心增加、SRH风险行为减少、使用认知重构的信心增加以及3个月内抑郁症状减轻相关。未来有必要进行研究,以评估MARSSI在提高高危抑郁年轻女性的动机、技能、情感和行为以及生殖健康结果方面的疗效。
J Subst Use Addict Treat. 2024-11
Br J Health Psychol. 2025-2
J Health Commun. 2022-2-1
J Adolesc Health. 2018-8-16
JMIR Ment Health. 2016-7-27
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016-4-10
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016-1
Am J Public Health. 2014-6-12
Matern Child Health J. 2014-11