Department of Maternal and Child Health, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
J Health Commun. 2022 Feb 1;27(2):69-83. doi: 10.1080/10810730.2022.2044413. Epub 2022 Mar 8.
Ensuring people have access to their preferred method of contraception can be key for meeting their reproductive goals. A growing number of mHealth interventions show promise for improving access to contraception, but no literature review has identified the effects of mHealth interventions among both adolescents and adults in the United States. The purpose of this systematic review was to describe the format, theoretical basis, and impact of mHealth interventions for contraceptive behavior change (contraceptive initiation and continuation) among people of all ages in the US. A systematic review of the literature was conducted using six electronic databases guided by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Data on study design, frequency, duration, mHealth modality, contraceptive method, behavior change theory, and behavioral outcome were extracted to facilitate comparison. Eighteen studies met eligibility criteria. The majority (11; 61%) used SMS (short message service). Twelve studies focused on contraceptive initiation, most (n = 8) of which also measured continued use over time. The remaining six interventions focused on continuation alone, generally through appointment reminders. Very little contraceptive behavior change was identified across studies. Current mHealth interventions may hold promise for some health areas but there is little evidence that they change contraceptive behavior. Future mHealth interventions should focus on assessing person-centered outcomes, including satisfaction, side effects, and reasons for discontinuation, to best support people to use their preferred contraceptive method.
确保人们能够获得他们首选的避孕方法对于实现他们的生殖目标至关重要。越来越多的移动健康干预措施显示出改善避孕措施获取的潜力，但没有文献综述确定了移动健康干预措施对美国青少年和成年人的影响。本系统评价的目的是描述美国所有年龄段人群的移动健康干预措施在改变避孕行为（避孕起始和持续使用）方面的格式、理论基础和效果。本研究采用了六项电子数据库，按照系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南进行了系统文献回顾。提取了研究设计、频率、持续时间、移动健康模式、避孕方法、行为改变理论和行为结果的数据，以便进行比较。有 18 项研究符合入选标准。其中，大多数（11 项；61%）使用了短信服务（SMS）。12 项研究专注于避孕起始，其中大多数（n=8）还测量了随时间推移的持续使用情况。其余 6 项干预措施仅专注于持续使用，通常通过预约提醒来实现。在各项研究中，很少有避孕行为的改变被发现。目前的移动健康干预措施可能在某些健康领域有一定的前景，但几乎没有证据表明它们能改变避孕行为。未来的移动健康干预措施应重点评估以人为中心的结果，包括满意度、副作用和停药原因，以最好地支持人们使用他们首选的避孕方法。
