Dinga Jerome Nyhalah, Perimbie Stephanie Numenyi, Gamua Stanley Dobgima, Chuma Francis N G, Njimoh Dieudonné Lemuh, Djikeng Appolinaire, Pelle Roger, Titanji Vincent P K
Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P O. Box 63 Buea, Cameroon.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P. O. Box 63 Buea, Cameroon.
Pathogens. 2020 Apr 8;9(4):271. doi: 10.3390/pathogens9040271.
Despite the amount of resources deployed and the technological advancements in molecular biology, vaccinology, immunology, genetics, and biotechnology, there are still no effective vaccines against malaria. Immunity to malaria is usually seen to be species- and/or strain-specific. However, there is a growing body of evidence suggesting the possibility of the existence of cross-strain, cross-species, and cross-genus immune responses in apicomplexans. The principle of gene conservation indicates that homologues play a similar role in closely related organisms. The homologue of UB05 in is TpUB05 (XP_763711.1), which has been tested and shown to be associated with protective immunity in East Coast fever. In a bid to identify potent markers of protective immunity to aid malaria vaccine development, TpUB05 was tested in malaria caused by . It was observed that TpUB05 was better at detecting antigen-specific antibodies in plasma compared to UB05 when tested by ELISA. The total IgG raised against TpUB05 was able to block parasitic growth in vitro more effectively than that raised against UB05. However, there was no significant difference between the two study antigens in recalling peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) memory through IFN-γ production. This study suggests, for the first time, that TpUB05 from cross-reacts with UB05 from and is a marker of protective immunity in malaria. Hence, TpUB05 should be considered for possible development as a potential subunit vaccine candidate against malaria.
尽管在分子生物学、疫苗学、免疫学、遗传学和生物技术领域投入了大量资源且取得了技术进步，但仍然没有有效的疟疾疫苗。通常认为对疟疾的免疫力具有物种和/或菌株特异性。然而，越来越多的证据表明，顶复门寄生虫中可能存在跨菌株、跨物种和跨属的免疫反应。基因保守性原则表明，同源物在亲缘关系密切的生物体中发挥相似的作用。牛巴贝斯虫中UB05的同源物是TpUB05（XP_763711.1），已在东海岸热中进行测试并显示与保护性免疫相关。为了确定有助于疟疾疫苗开发的保护性免疫的有效标志物，对TpUB05在由[具体疟原虫种类未提及]引起的疟疾中进行了测试。通过酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）测试时，观察到与UB05相比，TpUB05在检测血浆中的抗原特异性抗体方面表现更好。针对TpUB05产生的总IgG在体外阻断寄生虫生长方面比针对UB05产生的总IgG更有效。然而，在通过干扰素-γ产生来唤起外周血单核细胞（PBMC）记忆方面，两种研究抗原之间没有显著差异。这项研究首次表明，来自[具体物种未提及]的TpUB05与来自[具体物种未提及]的UB05发生交叉反应，并且是疟疾保护性免疫的一个标志物。因此，应考虑将TpUB05开发为一种潜在的抗疟疾亚单位疫苗候选物。
