Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2020 Aug 1;156:186-195. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.028. Epub 2020 Apr 9.
Golden kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) peel is a by-product enriched with polyphenols. The effects of fleshes of two Actinidia chinensis fruits (ACF) and fleshes with peels of two Actinidia chinensis fruits (ACFP) on lipid homeostasis, fatty acid metabolism and gut microbiota was investigated in healthy rats. Intervention of ACF and ACFP for 4 weeks significantly reduced total cholesterol, total triglycerides, and increased the high-density lipoprotein levels in rats. ACF and ACFP ameliorated lipid peroxidation in rats, by the lowering hepatic MDA level and enhancing GSH-Px and SOD activities. In addition, ACFP significantly decreased the saturated fatty acids in serum and increased the polyunsaturated fatty acids in hepatic and serum of rats. Analysis of gut microbiota revealed that ACF and ACFP evidently increased the microbial richness and diversity of gut microbiota. The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio was significantly reduced from 3.04 in ND group to 1.34 and 2.12 in ACF and ACFP groups, respectively. Moreover, ACF and ACFP significantly increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillus and Barnesiella) and reduced harmful bacteria (Enterococcus, Escherichia, and Staphylococcus). Overall, ACFP exerts more potent health-improving effects than ACF. Our study provides a scientific basis for the development of kiwifruit (including pericarp)-based novel natural products with significant health benefits.
黄金奇异果皮是一种富含多酚的副产物。本研究旨在探讨两种中华猕猴桃果实的果肉（ACF）和带皮果肉（ACFP）对健康大鼠脂代谢、脂肪酸代谢和肠道微生物群的影响。干预 4 周后，ACF 和 ACFP 可显著降低大鼠总胆固醇、总甘油三酯，增加高密度脂蛋白水平。ACF 和 ACFP 可改善大鼠脂质过氧化，降低肝 MDA 水平，提高 GSH-Px 和 SOD 活性。此外，ACFP 可显著降低血清中饱和脂肪酸的含量，增加肝和血清中多不饱和脂肪酸的含量。肠道微生物群分析表明，ACF 和 ACFP 可显著增加肠道微生物群的丰富度和多样性。厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门的比例从 ND 组的 3.04 分别显著降低至 ACF 组的 1.34 和 ACFP 组的 2.12。此外，ACF 和 ACFP 可显著增加有益菌（乳杆菌和Barnesiella）的丰度，降低有害菌（肠球菌、大肠杆菌和葡萄球菌）的丰度。总之，ACFP 的健康改善效果优于 ACF。本研究为开发具有显著健康益处的猕猴桃（包括果皮）新型天然产品提供了科学依据。
