Rådberg G, Friman S, Samsioe G, Svanvik J
Department of Surgery I, Sahlgren's hospital, Göteborg, Sweden.
Acta Physiol Scand. 1988 May;133(1):19-24. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.1988.tb08376.x.
Pregnancy increases the risk of gallstones. The physiological changes responsible for this are not clearly demonstrated. Adjustments in the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids have earlier been studied in pregnancy by methods involving dilution of labelled bile acids. In the present study the bile-acid circulation was measured with direct drainage methods in pregnant animals and controls. It was found that the total bile-acid-pool size was reduced to 65% in the pregnant cat (P less than 0.01) and there was a reduced accumulation of bile acids in the gallbladder after fasting 24 h (P less than 0.01). Bile-acid synthesis by the liver was not reduced and the relation between water and bile-acid secretion by the liver was unchanged. It is concluded that, in the pregnant cat, the bile-acid-pool size is reduced due to a decreased accumulation of bile acids in the gallbladder and an increased interdigestive recycling rate of the bile-acid pool (P less than 0.05). One possible explanation for the reduced accumulation of bile acids in the gallbladder is delayed emptying of the stomach, inducing a late refilling of the gallbladder after a meal.
怀孕会增加患胆结石的风险。导致这种情况的生理变化尚未得到明确证实。此前在怀孕期间，通过涉及标记胆汁酸稀释的方法对胆汁酸的肠肝循环调节进行了研究。在本研究中，采用直接引流法对怀孕动物和对照动物的胆汁酸循环进行了测量。结果发现，怀孕母猫的总胆汁酸池大小降至65%（P<0.01），禁食24小时后胆囊中胆汁酸的积累减少（P<0.01）。肝脏胆汁酸合成未减少，肝脏水分泌与胆汁酸分泌之间的关系未改变。得出的结论是，在怀孕母猫中，胆汁酸池大小减小是由于胆囊中胆汁酸积累减少以及胆汁酸池的消化间期再循环率增加（P<0.05）。胆囊中胆汁酸积累减少的一个可能解释是胃排空延迟，导致进食后胆囊重新充盈延迟。
