Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2021 Jan;105(1):149-156. doi: 10.1111/jpn.13347. Epub 2020 Apr 11.
The present study was conducted with privately owned dogs and cats to investigate whether a relationship exists between the dietary AGEs and the urinary excretion of AGEs, as indication of possible effective absorption of those compounds in the intestinal tract of pet carnivores. For this purpose, data were collected from both raw fed and dry processed food (DPF) fed to dogs and cats, through spot urine sampling and questionnaires. Raw pet food (RF, low in AGE diets) was fed as a primary food source to 29 dogs and DPF to 28 dogs. Cats were categorized into 3 groups, which were RF (n = 15), DPF (n = 14) and dry and wet processed pet food (DWF, n = 25). Urinary-free carboxymethyllysine (CML), carboxyethyllysine (CEL) and lysinoalanine (LAL) were analysed using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)-mass spectrometry, and were standardized for variable urine concentration by expressing the AGE concentrations as a ratio to urine creatinine (Ucr) concentration (µg/µmol Ucr). Urinary excretion of CML, CEL and LAL in dogs fed with DPF was 2.03, 2.14 and 3 times higher compared to dogs fed with RF (p < .005). Similar to the dogs, a significant difference in CML:Ucr, CEL:Ucr and LAL:Ucr between the three diet groups was observed in cats (p-overall < 0.005, ANOVA), in which the RF fed group excreted less AGEs than the other groups. Linear regression coefficients and SE of CML:Ucr, CEL:Ucr and LAL:Ucr showed that body weight and neuter status were significantly correlated with CML and CEL excretion, but not to LAL excretion. Our results revealed a significant correlation between dietary AGEs and urinary excretion of free CML, CEL and LAL, and also showed that endogenous formation of these AGEs occurs in both dogs and cats under physiological conditions.
本研究以私人拥有的狗和猫为对象，旨在调查饮食 AGEs 与尿液 AGEs 排泄之间是否存在关系，这表明这些化合物在宠物肉食动物的肠道中可能被有效吸收。为此，通过随机尿液采样和问卷调查收集了狗和猫食用生骨肉（RF，低 AGE 饮食）和干粮加工食品（DPF）的数据。29 只狗以 RF 为主要食物来源，28 只狗以 DPF 为主要食物来源。猫分为 3 组，RF 组（n=15）、DPF 组（n=14）和干粮湿粮加工宠物食品（DWF，n=25）。采用超高效液相色谱（UHPLC）-质谱法分析尿液中游离的羧甲基赖氨酸（CML）、羧乙基赖氨酸（CEL）和赖氨酰赖氨酸（LAL），并通过将 AGE 浓度表示为与尿肌酐（Ucr）浓度的比值（µg/µmol Ucr）来标准化尿液浓度的变化。与 RF 喂养的狗相比，DPF 喂养的狗的尿液中 CML、CEL 和 LAL 的排泄量分别高出 2.03、2.14 和 3 倍（p<0.005）。与狗类似，在猫中也观察到三种饮食组之间 CML:Ucr、CEL:Ucr 和 LAL:Ucr 的差异有统计学意义（p 总和<.005，ANOVA），其中 RF 喂养的组排泄的 AGEs 少于其他组。CML:Ucr、CEL:Ucr 和 LAL:Ucr 的线性回归系数和 SE 表明，体重和绝育状态与 CML 和 CEL 的排泄显著相关，但与 LAL 的排泄无关。我们的结果表明饮食 AGEs 与尿液中游离 CML、CEL 和 LAL 的排泄量之间存在显著相关性，并且还表明在生理条件下，狗和猫体内会形成这些 AGEs。
