Wright James R, McIntyre Lynn
Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine and Paediatrics, University of Calgary, Alberta Children's Hospital, Alberta, Canada.
Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
J Med Biogr. 2022 Feb;30(1):15-20. doi: 10.1177/0967772020914797. Epub 2020 Apr 13.
Historians of diabetes have long claimed that physicians were aware of two distinct types of diabetes mellitus by the 1880s, and that these were the direct forerunners of type 1, juvenile-onset and type 2, adult-onset diabetes. French physician Étienne Lancereaux (1829-1910), based on autopsy and clinical studies, classified diabetes either as (thin, or more accurately emaciated, diabetes), which he believed to be pancreatic in origin with a poor prognosis, or (fat diabetes), which he believed had a much better prognosis and was not pancreatic in origin. Historians citing Lancereaux have claimed that he observed the former to occur in young and the latter in middle-aged and elderly people. We review the papers of Lancereaux to clarify his clinical observations and understanding of diabetes. Lancereaux's description of bores little resemblance to juvenile diabetes and all of his thin patients were middle-aged or older. On the other hand, his is akin to type 2 diabetes and he might well deserve credit for its characterization.
糖尿病史学家长期以来一直声称，到19世纪80年代，医生们已经认识到两种不同类型的糖尿病，并且认为它们分别是1型青少年发病型糖尿病和2型成人发病型糖尿病的直接前身。法国医生艾蒂安·朗塞罗（1829 - 1910）基于尸检和临床研究，将糖尿病分为（消瘦型糖尿病，或者更准确地说是消耗性糖尿病），他认为这种糖尿病起源于胰腺，预后较差；以及（肥胖型糖尿病），他认为这种糖尿病预后要好得多，且并非起源于胰腺。引用朗塞罗观点的史学家声称，他观察到前者发生在年轻人身上，后者发生在中年人和老年人身上。我们回顾朗塞罗的论文，以阐明他对糖尿病的临床观察和理解。朗塞罗对消瘦型糖尿病的描述与青少年糖尿病几乎没有相似之处，他所有消瘦的患者都是中年或老年。另一方面，他对肥胖型糖尿病的描述类似于2型糖尿病，他很可能因其对这种糖尿病的特征描述而值得称赞。
