Latorre Anna, Bhatia Kailash P
Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK.
Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK.
Neurol Clin. 2020 May;38(2):433-447. doi: 10.1016/j.ncl.2020.01.007.
Paroxysmal dyskinesia (PxD) is a heterogeneous group of syndromes characterized by recurrent attacks of abnormal movements, triggered by detectable factors, without loss of consciousness. According to the precipitating factors, they are classified as paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD), paroxysmal non-kinesigenic dyskinesia (PNKD), and paroxysmal exercise-induced dystonia (PED). PxD treatment is based on the combination of nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic approaches. Pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatments effective for PNKD and PED also are available. In PxD refractory to conventional treatment, surgery might be an alternative therapeutic option. The course of PRRT2-PKD and MR-1-PNKD is benign, and treatment might not be needed with advancing age.
发作性运动障碍（PxD）是一组异质性综合征，其特征为反复发作的异常运动，由可检测到的因素触发，且无意识丧失。根据诱发因素，它们可分为发作性运动诱发性运动障碍（PKD）、发作性非运动诱发性运动障碍（PNKD）和发作性运动诱发肌张力障碍（PED）。PxD的治疗基于非药物和药物方法的联合使用。对PNKD和PED有效的药物和非药物治疗方法也有。对于传统治疗难治的PxD，手术可能是一种替代治疗选择。PRRT2-PKD和MR-1-PNKD的病程是良性的，随着年龄增长可能无需治疗。
