Hajiahmadi Fahimeh, Alikhani Mohammad Yousef, Shariatifar Hanifeh, Arabestani Mohammad Reza, Ahmadvand Davoud
Department of Microbiology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Young Researches and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Med J Islam Repub Iran. 2019 Dec 26;33:153. doi: 10.34171/mjiri.33.153. eCollection 2019.
Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) is one of the most common causes of skin infections and treatment is difficult due to its resistance to the most of antibiotics. Although vancomycin is often considered as an antibacterial agent of choice for the treatment of MRSA, its use is limited because of the high side effects. One solution is using liposomal formulation for local drug delivery. The aim of this study was to determine and efficacies of liposomal vancomycin as topical use. To prepare liposomal vancomycin, the ammonium sulfate gradient using remote loading and freeze-thaw methods was applied. Then, synthesized nanoliposomes were evaluated in terms of particle size, morphology, stability, and encapsulation efficiency. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of synthesized nanoliposome against MRSA was detected. The cytotoxicity of synthesized nanoliposome was evaluated using MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. Finally, the topical antibacterial activity of each formulation was tested against MRSA-infected skin wound model in mice. High encapsulation efficiency was achieved for all synthesized nanoliposomes. The results of and showed that liposomal vancomycin was more effective than free vancomycin. Also, synthesized nanoliposome showed no cytotoxicity on human epidermoid cell line. The results showed that synthesized nanoliposome could be applied as a great topical antimicrobial construct for treatment of MRSA skin infections.
耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）是皮肤感染最常见的病因之一，由于其对大多数抗生素耐药，治疗困难。尽管万古霉素常被视为治疗MRSA的首选抗菌药物，但其使用因副作用大而受到限制。一种解决方案是使用脂质体制剂进行局部药物递送。本研究的目的是确定脂质体万古霉素局部应用的有效性。为制备脂质体万古霉素，采用硫酸铵梯度远程载入法和冻融法。然后，对合成的纳米脂质体进行粒径、形态、稳定性和包封率评估。检测合成纳米脂质体对MRSA的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）。采用MTT（3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐）法评估合成纳米脂质体的细胞毒性。最后，在小鼠MRSA感染皮肤伤口模型上测试各制剂的局部抗菌活性。所有合成纳米脂质体均实现了高包封率。结果表明，脂质体万古霉素比游离万古霉素更有效。此外，合成纳米脂质体对人表皮样细胞系无细胞毒性。结果表明，合成纳米脂质体可作为治疗MRSA皮肤感染的一种优良局部抗菌制剂。
