Moulaei Khadijeh, Malek Mojtaba, Sheikhtaheri Abbas
School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Research Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Med J Islam Repub Iran. 2019 Dec 31;33:159. doi: 10.34171/mjiri.33.159. eCollection 2019.
Diabetic foot is one of the most important complications of diabetes caused by the existence of some destructive factors in different anatomical locations of feet. Management and monitoring of these factors are very important to decrease or avoid ulcerating lesions of the foot. The purpose of this study is to identify and introduce the predisposing factors and anatomical locations associated with these destructive factors. First, we conducted a comprehensive review of different databases to identify the factors and associated anatomical locations from the previous studies. Then, we designed a questionnaire and invited physicians and specialists to express their perspectives on these factors and locations. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 23. Frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation of these variables were calculated. Based on the literature review, four factors, including pressure, moisture and sweat, temperature, and acceleration were identified as factors destructive to the tissues of the diabetic foot and worsen ulcers. The view of specialists approved the results of the literature review. Besides, there was an insignificant difference between the results of the literature review and the specialists' view in terms of anatomical locations that need to be continuously monitored. Monitoring the pressure in heel, first metatarsal, and first metatarsal head; moisture and sweat under the fingers, hallux and heels as well as the temperature at the first metatarsal, first metatarsal head, and the third metatarsal head are important in preventing ulceration, destructing the foot tissue, and accelerating the treatment process.
糖尿病足是糖尿病最重要的并发症之一，由足部不同解剖部位存在一些破坏因素所致。对这些因素进行管理和监测对于减少或避免足部溃疡病变非常重要。本研究的目的是识别并介绍与这些破坏因素相关的诱发因素和解剖部位。首先，我们对不同数据库进行了全面检索，以从既往研究中识别相关因素和解剖部位。然后，我们设计了一份问卷，并邀请医生和专家就这些因素和部位发表他们的看法。使用SPSS 23版软件对数据进行分析。计算这些变量的频率、百分比、均值和标准差。基于文献综述，确定了压力、湿度和汗液、温度以及加速度这四个因素为对糖尿病足组织具有破坏性并会使溃疡恶化的因素。专家的观点证实了文献综述的结果。此外，在需要持续监测的解剖部位方面，文献综述结果与专家观点之间存在不显著差异。监测足跟、第一跖骨和第一跖骨头处的压力；手指、拇趾和足跟下方的湿度和汗液以及第一跖骨、第一跖骨头和第三跖骨头处的温度对于预防溃疡、破坏足部组织以及加速治疗进程至关重要。
