Olsson Annakarin, Thunborg Charlotta, Björkman Annica, Blom Anneli, Sjöberg Fredric, Salzmann-Erikson Martin
Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden.
Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Clinical geriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
J Adv Nurs. 2020 Aug;76(8):1961-1976. doi: 10.1111/jan.14382. Epub 2020 May 11.
To describe how complexity science has been integrated into nursing.
A scoping review.
DATA SOURCE/REVIEW METHOD: Academic Search Elite, Scopus, PsycINFO, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PubMed and Web of Science were searched November 2016, updated in October 2017 and January 2020. The working process included: problem identification, literature search, data evaluation, synthesizing and presentation.
Four categories were found in the included 89 articles: (a) how complexity science is integrated into the nursing literature in relation to nursing education and teaching; (b) patients' symptoms, illness outcome and safety as characteristics of complexity science in nursing; (c) that leaders and managers should see organizations as complex and adaptive systems, rather than as linear machines; and (d) the need for a novel approach to studying complex phenomena such as healthcare organizations. Lastly, the literature explains how complexity science has been incorporated into the discourse in nursing and its development.
The review provided strong support for use in complexity science in the contemporary nursing literature. Complexity science is also highly applicable and relevant to clinical nursing practice and nursing management from an organizational perspective. The application of complexity science as a tool in the analysis of complex nursing systems could improve our understanding of effective interactions among patients, families, physicians and hospital and skilled nursing facility staff as well as of education.
Understanding complexity science in relation to the key role of nurses in the healthcare environment can improve nursing work and nursing theory development. The use of complexity science provides nurses with a language that liberates them from the reductionist view on nursing education, practice and management.
描述复杂性科学如何融入护理领域。
范围综述。
数据来源/综述方法：于2016年11月检索了学术搜索精英数据库、Scopus数据库、PsycINFO数据库、护理学与健康相关专业累积索引数据库、PubMed数据库和科学引文索引数据库，并于2017年10月及2020年1月进行了更新。工作流程包括：问题识别、文献检索、数据评估、综合分析和呈现。
在所纳入的89篇文章中发现了四类内容：（a）复杂性科学在护理教育和教学方面如何融入护理文献；（b）患者症状、疾病转归和安全性作为护理领域复杂性科学的特征；（c）领导者和管理者应将组织视为复杂且适应性强的系统，而非线性机器；（d）需要一种新方法来研究诸如医疗保健组织等复杂现象。最后，文献解释了复杂性科学如何被纳入护理领域的论述及其发展情况。
该综述为复杂性科学在当代护理文献中的应用提供了有力支持。从组织角度来看，复杂性科学在临床护理实践和护理管理中也具有高度适用性和相关性。将复杂性科学作为一种工具应用于复杂护理系统分析，有助于提高我们对患者、家庭、医生以及医院和专业护理机构工作人员之间有效互动以及教育情况的理解。
理解与护士在医疗保健环境中的关键作用相关的复杂性科学，可改善护理工作和护理理论发展。复杂性科学的应用为护士提供了一种语言，使他们从对护理教育、实践和管理的还原论观点中解放出来。
