Neuronal Control of Metabolism Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), E-08036 Barcelona, Spain.
Regulation of Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain.
Biochem Pharmacol. 2020 Jul;177:113973. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113973. Epub 2020 Apr 10.
The epidemic of obesity has become pandemic, putting a significant burden on the world's healthcare system. While the heritability of the disease is high, all the identified genetic variants associated to obesity account for a very small percentage of phenotypic variation. The origins of the obesity pandemic cannot be explained exclusively due to genetic factors. In recent years, epigenetic studies have offered valuable information for a deeper understanding of the steep increase in global obesity rates. Existing evidence indicate that environmental exposures induce alterations to the epigenome, leading to the transmission of obesity risk across generations. In this review, we provide insight into the epigenetic disturbances associated with obesity and discuss the impact of harmful diets, particularly calorie-dense foods, in the epigenetic regulation of obesity. The epigenetics of obesity is an expanding area of research, and current reports suggest potential in the use of epigenetic mechanisms as clinical biomarkers and therapeutic candidates.
肥胖症的流行已成为全球性问题，给全球医疗体系带来了巨大负担。尽管该疾病的遗传性很高，但与肥胖相关的所有已确定的遗传变异仅能解释表型变异的很小一部分。肥胖症的流行不能仅归因于遗传因素。近年来，表观遗传学研究为深入了解肥胖症在全球范围内急剧上升的原因提供了有价值的信息。现有证据表明，环境暴露会导致表观基因组发生改变，从而导致肥胖风险在代际间传递。在这篇综述中，我们深入探讨了与肥胖相关的表观遗传失调，并讨论了有害饮食（尤其是高热量食物）对肥胖症表观遗传调控的影响。肥胖症的表观遗传学是一个不断发展的研究领域，目前的报告表明，表观遗传机制作为临床生物标志物和治疗候选物具有一定的潜力。
