长期补充牛磺酸对超重或肥胖成年人脂质和血糖状况的影响：一项系统评价和荟萃分析
Effect of Long-Term Taurine Supplementation on the Lipid and Glycaemic Profile in Adults with Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
作者信息
Sun Qin, Wang Jieping, Wang Huanyu, Yu Hanhan, Wan Kang, Ma Fuyi, Wang Ru
机构信息
School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
出版信息
Nutrients. 2024 Dec 27;17(1):55. doi: 10.3390/nu17010055.
BACKGROUND
Taurine has been demonstrated to regulate and improve metabolic health. However, physiological and pathological differences among individuals with overweight or obesity may result in varied responses to taurine supplementation. This study aims to estimate the effects of long-term taurine supplementation on blood lipids, glycemia, and insulin sensitivity in adults with overweight or obesity through a systematic review and meta-analysis.
METHODS
The literature search was based on six databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane, and SPORTDiscus) up to October 2024. Subgroup analyses were performed based on daily taurine intake dosage (<3 g or 3 g), overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m), and obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m).
RESULTS
The final number of studies that met the inclusion criteria was 9 RCTs. The overall analysis showed that taurine supplementation significantly decreased TG (WMD = -0.56 mg/dL, 95% CI: -0.92 to -0.2, = 0.002, = 63%), TC (WMD = -0.71 mg/dL, 95% CI: -1.17 to -0.25, = 0.002, = 73%), and fasting insulin (WMD = -2.15 µU/mL, 95% CI: -3.24 to -1.06, = 0.0001, = 9%). In the subgroup analysis, long-term taurine intake led to BMI improvement in overweight adults (WMD = -1.14 kg/m, 95% CI: -1.81 to -0.47, = 0.0008, = 0%). Meanwhile, improvements in HbA1c (WMD = -0.33%, 95% CI: -0.53 to -0.12, = 0.002, = 16%) and HOMA-IR (WMD = -0.91, 95% CI: -1.74 to -0.08, = 0.003, = 54%) were observed only in obese participants following taurine supplementation. Additionally, the long-term intake of 3 g of taurine significantly improved HbA1c (WMD = -0.37%, 95% CI: -0.61 to -0.13, = 0.003, = 0%) and FPG levels (WMD = -7.14 mg/dL, 95% CI: -12.53 to -1.74, = 0.003, = 70%) in overweight/obesity.
CONCLUSIONS
Long-term taurine supplementation is particularly effective in improving glycemic control and insulin sensitivity in obesity. Furthermore, higher doses of taurine (3 g per day) demonstrate even greater improvements in glycemic control.
背景
牛磺酸已被证明可调节和改善代谢健康。然而，超重或肥胖个体之间的生理和病理差异可能导致对补充牛磺酸的反应各不相同。本研究旨在通过系统评价和荟萃分析，评估长期补充牛磺酸对超重或肥胖成年人血脂、血糖和胰岛素敏感性的影响。
方法
截至2024年10月，基于六个数据库（科学网、PubMed、Scopus、EMBASE、Cochrane和SPORTDiscus）进行文献检索。根据每日牛磺酸摄入量（<3 g或≥3 g）、超重（BMI 25-29.9 kg/m²）和肥胖（BMI≥30 kg/m²）进行亚组分析。
结果
符合纳入标准的研究最终数量为9项随机对照试验。总体分析表明，补充牛磺酸显著降低了甘油三酯（WMD = -0.56 mg/dL，95% CI：-0.92至-0.2，P = 0.002，I² = 63%）、总胆固醇（WMD = -0.71 mg/dL，95% CI：-1.17至-0.25，P = 0.002，I² = 73%）和空腹胰岛素（WMD = -2.15 µU/mL，95% CI：-3.24至-1.06，P = 0.0001，I² = 9%）。在亚组分析中，长期摄入牛磺酸可改善超重成年人的BMI（WMD = -1.14 kg/m²，95% CI：-1.81至-0.47，P = 0.0008，I² = 0%）。同时，仅在肥胖参与者补充牛磺酸后，糖化血红蛋白（WMD = -0.33%，95% CI：-0.53至-0.12，P = 0.002，I² = 16%）和稳态模型评估的胰岛素抵抗（WMD = -0.91，95% CI：-1.74至-0.08，P = 0.003，I² = 54%）有所改善。此外，长期摄入3 g牛磺酸可显著改善超重/肥胖者的糖化血红蛋白（WMD = -0.37%，95% CI：-0.61至-0.13，P = 0.003，I² = 0%）和空腹血糖水平（WMD = -7.14 mg/dL，95% CI：-12.53至-1.74，P = 0.003，I² = 70%）。
结论
长期补充牛磺酸对改善肥胖患者的血糖控制和胰岛素敏感性特别有效。此外，更高剂量的牛磺酸（每天3 g）在血糖控制方面有更大改善。
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