Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare (ICB), Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy.
Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
Mar Drugs. 2020 Apr 9;18(4):200. doi: 10.3390/md18040200.
Less than one percent of marine natural products characterized since 1963 have been obtained from the phylum Bryozoa which, therefore, still represents a huge reservoir for the discovery of bioactive metabolites with its ~6000 described species. The current review is designed to highlight how bryozoans use sophisticated chemical defenses against their numerous predators and competitors, and which can be harbored for medicinal uses. This review collates all currently available chemoecological data about bryozoans and lists potential applications/benefits for human health. The core of the current review relates to the potential of bryozoan metabolites in human diseases with particular attention to viral, brain, and parasitic diseases. It additionally weighs the pros and cons of total syntheses of some bryozoan metabolites versus the synthesis of non-natural analogues, and explores the hopes put into the development of biotechnological approaches to provide sustainable amounts of bryozoan metabolites without harming the natural environment.
自 1963 年以来，已鉴定的海洋天然产物中不到 1%来自苔藓动物门，因此，该门仍然是发现具有生物活性代谢物的巨大宝库，其已描述的物种约有 6000 种。本综述旨在强调苔藓动物如何利用复杂的化学防御来对抗其众多的捕食者和竞争者，这些防御机制可能具有药用价值。本综述收集了所有关于苔藓动物的现有化学生态学数据，并列出了对人类健康的潜在应用/益处。目前综述的核心是苔藓动物代谢物在人类疾病中的潜力，特别关注病毒、大脑和寄生虫疾病。此外，本综述还权衡了一些苔藓动物代谢物的全合成与非天然类似物合成的优缺点，并探讨了在不破坏自然环境的情况下，利用生物技术方法可持续地获得苔藓动物代谢物的希望。
