State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China.
Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China.
Environ Sci Technol. 2020 May 5;54(9):5667-5675. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.9b07889. Epub 2020 Apr 21.
Antibiotics have recently gained attention because they are emerging environmental pollutants with obesogenic properties. In this study, were exposed to sulfamethoxazole (SMX), a sulfonamide antibiotic, and the effects were measured on circadian rhythm (represented by the eclosion rhythm), lipid metabolism, and microbiota. Circadian rhythm disorder was considered due to its connection with lipid metabolism and microbiota in association with obesity. SMX decreased the proportion of adult flies that eclosed in the morning (AM adults) and increased the proportion of PM adults. Moreover, SMX increased the body weight of PM adults, indicating that SMX exposure caused dysrhythmia in eclosion together with obesity. In measurements of key metabolites and metabolic enzymes, SMX exposure stimulated 3 indices in AM adults and 10 indices in PM adults. In AMP-activated protein kinase and insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathways, SMX upregulated six genes in AM adults and nine genes in PM adults. Finally, microbiota analysis demonstrated that SMX increased the Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratios (F/B) by 79.6- and 5.8-fold compared to concurrent controls in AM and PM adults. Collectively, these results suggest that SMX showed obesogenic effects accompanied with dysrhythmia and disturbances in lipid metabolism and microbiota. Further studies on the intrinsic connection are needed.
抗生素最近受到关注，因为它们是具有肥胖特性的新兴环境污染物。在这项研究中，我们将接触到磺胺甲恶唑（SMX），一种磺胺类抗生素，并测量其对昼夜节律（以出眠节律表示）、脂质代谢和微生物群的影响。昼夜节律紊乱被认为与其与肥胖相关的脂质代谢和微生物群有关。SMX 降低了清晨出眠的成年果蝇（AM 成虫）的比例，并增加了 PM 成虫的比例。此外，SMX 增加了 PM 成虫的体重，表明 SMX 暴露导致出眠节律紊乱和肥胖。在关键代谢物和代谢酶的测量中，SMX 刺激了 AM 成虫中的 3 个指标和 PM 成虫中的 10 个指标。在 AMP 激活蛋白激酶和胰岛素/IGF-1 信号通路中，SMX 上调了 AM 成虫中的 6 个基因和 PM 成虫中的 9 个基因。最后，微生物组分析表明，SMX 使 AM 和 PM 成虫的厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门（F/B）比值分别增加了 79.6 倍和 5.8 倍。总的来说，这些结果表明，SMX 表现出肥胖效应，同时伴有节律紊乱以及脂质代谢和微生物群的紊乱。需要进一步研究其内在联系。
