The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia.
Viral Immunol. 2020 Apr;33(3):145-152. doi: 10.1089/vim.2019.0186.
Science is a tedious and painstaking business. Many discoveries are considered incremental, individually not necessarily earth shattering, but collectively providing the critical broad framework on which pivotal insights can emerge. Transformational discoveries spring from this knowledge legacy of others and spur a fervent discovery process, often driven by technological developments. The seminal discovery of major histocompatibility class restriction I (MHCI) and its role in antiviral infections by Doherty and Zinkernagel in 1974 was one such discovery-the key that unlocked the treasure chest to the rich tapestry of the diversity of the immune system. An army of researchers have teased apart the different elements of the immune response, which now brings us to a deeper understanding of immune memory and protective immunity. In this process, it has uncovered a multitude of cell types that bridge the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system-blurring the line between these two branches-and ultimately fortifying the development of long-term immune protection.
科学是一项乏味且艰苦的工作。许多发现被认为是渐进的，单个发现不一定具有惊天动地的意义，但总体上为关键的洞察提供了重要的广泛框架。变革性的发现源于他人的知识遗产，并激发了热烈的发现过程，通常由技术发展驱动。1974 年，Doherty 和 Zinkernagel 对主要组织相容性复合体 I（MHC I）的重大发现及其在抗病毒感染中的作用就是这样的发现——它是打开免疫系统多样性宝库的关键。一大批研究人员已经分离出免疫反应的不同元素，这使我们对免疫记忆和保护性免疫有了更深入的了解。在这个过程中，它揭示了许多细胞类型，这些细胞类型连接了免疫系统的先天和适应性两个分支，模糊了这两个分支之间的界限，并最终加强了长期免疫保护的发展。
