Brouard J, Vabret A, Dina J, Lemercier H
Service de pédiatrie, CHU de Caen, avenue Côte-de-Nacre, 14033 Caen, France.
EA 4655 U2RM, équipe E3 : « virologie respiratoire comparée », 14032 Caen, France.
Rev Fr Allergol (2009). 2014 Apr;54(3):173-178. doi: 10.1016/j.reval.2014.01.018. Epub 2014 Feb 20.
It is well known that young infants attending day-care centers are subjected to repeated infectious episodes, with a tendency to involve the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. Their long-term impact is difficult to assess because there are few relevant prospective studies. The risk of infection is influenced in part by the structure of the day-care center, and it is more important in the early months of attending and linked to later recurrent infectious episodes. Causal links between viral infection and asthma are complex. Viral infections increase the risk of asthma exacerbation but the presence of asthma also increases the risk of severe responses to a viral infection. While infections acquired in this environment are mainly viral, their recurrence can lead to excessive use of antibiotics which promote antimicrobial resistance with an impact on the digestive or respiratory microbiota.
众所周知，参加日托中心的幼儿会反复发生感染性疾病，且倾向于累及呼吸道和胃肠道。由于相关的前瞻性研究较少，其长期影响难以评估。感染风险部分受日托中心结构的影响，在入园的最初几个月更为重要，且与后期反复发生的感染性疾病有关。病毒感染与哮喘之间的因果关系很复杂。病毒感染会增加哮喘加重的风险，但哮喘的存在也会增加对病毒感染产生严重反应的风险。虽然在这种环境中获得的感染主要是病毒性的，但其反复发生会导致抗生素的过度使用，从而促进抗菌药物耐药性，影响消化或呼吸道微生物群。
