Kaplama Mehmet Erkan, Ak Semih
University of Health Sciences, M. Akif Inan Research Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Sanliurfa, Turkey.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2020 Jul;134:110041. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2020.110041. Epub 2020 Apr 8.
Determining the frequency of and the risk factors for hearing loss among school-age children by comparing the results of hearing screening in children from Syrian refugee and native Turkish population.
The results of the official hearing test, which was conducted by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Turkey for schoolchildren in the first grade in the 2017-2018 academic year in the Province of Şanlıurfa, were analyzed.
A total of 23,664 children were screened; 20,603 (87.1%) were Turkish native, and 3,061 (12.9%) were Syrian refugees. The age range was between 69 and 84 months. The screening results indicated in Turkish children, sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in 0.26%, otitis media with effusion (OME) in 0.41%, and chronic otitis media (COM) in 0.08%. In the refugee children, the frequency of SNHL was 1.11%, OME was 0.94%, and COM was 0.62%. The rate of COM and SNHL was significantly higher in the refugee children (p < 0.001). Moreover, among those with hearing loss, the frequency of low birth weight, inflammatory diseases, and the family history of consanguineous marriage was significantly higher in refugee children compared to those in Turkish native population (p = 0.018, p = 0.003, and p = 0.022, respectively).
Hearing loss is a major preventable and treatable cause of developmental disorder in childhood. When untreated, hearing loss may delay speaking and prevent socio-emotional development, leading to longterm negative consequences. We believe that programs for hearing screening in schoolchildren should be expanded and that immigrants who carry several risk factors for developmental hearing loss should be included in these programs.
通过比较叙利亚难民儿童和土耳其本土儿童的听力筛查结果，确定学龄儿童听力损失的发生率及风险因素。
对土耳其共和国卫生部于2017 - 2018学年在尚勒乌尔法省为一年级学童进行的官方听力测试结果进行分析。
共筛查了23,664名儿童；其中20,603名（87.1%）为土耳其本土儿童，3,061名（12.9%）为叙利亚难民儿童。年龄范围在69至84个月之间。筛查结果显示，土耳其儿童中感音神经性听力损失（SNHL）的发生率为0.26%，中耳积液（OME）为0.41%，慢性中耳炎（COM）为0.08%。难民儿童中，SNHL的发生率为1.11%，OME为0.94%，COM为0.62%。难民儿童中COM和SNHL的发生率显著更高（p < 0.001）。此外，在听力损失儿童中，难民儿童低出生体重、炎症性疾病及近亲结婚家族史的发生率显著高于土耳其本土儿童（分别为p = 0.018、p = 0.003和p = 0.022）。
听力损失是儿童发育障碍的一个主要可预防和可治疗原因。若不治疗，听力损失可能会延迟说话并阻碍社会情感发展，导致长期负面后果。我们认为应扩大针对学童的听力筛查项目，且携带多种发育性听力损失风险因素的移民应纳入这些项目。
