Quinzi Vincenzo, Caruso Silvia, Mummolo Stefano, Nota Alessandro, Angelone Anna Maria, Mattei Antonella, Gatto Roberto, Marzo Giuseppe
Department of Health, Life and Environmental Science, University of L'Aquila, Piazza Salvatore Tommasi, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
Dental School, Vita-Salute San Raffaele and IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy.
Dent J (Basel). 2020 Apr 10;8(2):34. doi: 10.3390/dj8020034.
The treatment of patients with mixed dentition, with inferior moderate dental crowding (the so-called borderline cases, between extraction and expansion) is not yet clear. Two examples of widely used appliances for increasing lower dental arch dimensions are the Schwarz's appliance and lip bumper. The aim of this prospective study was to compare dental crowding and arch dimensions from pre- to post-treatment with lip bumper versus Schwarz's appliance. Pre- and post-treatment orthodontic records of twenty subjects (10 males and 10 females) were analyzed in the present study. Inclusion criteria were: first/second molar class malocclusion; crowding of the mandibular arch, from mild to moderate (4-6 mm); mixed dentition; age ≤ 9 years at the beginning of the treatment; stage CS1 or CS2 of maturation of the cervical vertebrae analysis (CVM) at the beginning of the treatment. Ten subjects were treated with a lip bumper, and ten with the removable Schwarz appliance. The primary outcomes were the variations in dental crowding and arch dimensions from pre- to post-treatment. Both the two appliances caused a statistically significant mean improvement/reduction in crowding, of 3.5 mm and 2.9 mm, for the Schwarz appliance and lip bumper, respectively. The Schwarz appliance resulted more effective in increasing arch dimension at the intercanine level, and arch perimeter, while the lip bumper achieves a higher increase in arch length. A lip bumper and Schwarz appliance are both useful in reducing crowding in mixed dentition. This improvement is due to the increase in dental arch dimensions, although the distribution of space resulted slightly differently between the two appliances.
对于混合牙列且伴有下牙适度拥挤（即所谓介于拔牙和扩弓之间的临界病例）患者的治疗方法尚不明确。两种广泛用于增加下牙弓尺寸的矫治器是施瓦茨矫治器和唇挡。本前瞻性研究的目的是比较使用唇挡与施瓦茨矫治器治疗前后的牙列拥挤情况和牙弓尺寸。本研究分析了20名受试者（10名男性和10名女性）治疗前后的正畸记录。纳入标准为：第一/二磨牙类错 ；下颌牙弓拥挤，程度为轻度至中度（4 - 6毫米）；混合牙列；治疗开始时年龄≤9岁；治疗开始时颈椎成熟度分析（CVM）处于CS1或CS2阶段。10名受试者使用唇挡进行治疗，另外10名使用可摘式施瓦茨矫治器。主要观察指标是治疗前后牙列拥挤情况和牙弓尺寸的变化。两种矫治器均使拥挤程度在统计学上有显著的平均改善/减轻，施瓦茨矫治器和唇挡分别为3.5毫米和2.9毫米。施瓦茨矫治器在增加尖牙间水平的牙弓尺寸和牙弓周长方面更有效，而唇挡在牙弓长度增加方面效果更佳。唇挡和施瓦茨矫治器在减少混合牙列拥挤方面均有用。这种改善归因于牙弓尺寸的增加，尽管两种矫治器之间的间隙分布略有不同。
