Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Apr 10;17(7):2591. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17072591.
Finger photoplethysmography (PPG) waveform is blood volume change of finger microcirculation that reflects vascular function. Reflection index (RI), stiffness index (SI) and second derivative of photoplethysmogram (SDPPG) are derived from PPG waveforms proposed as cardiovascular disease (CVD) markers. Heart rate (HR) is a known factor that affects vascular function. Individual resting HR variation may affect RI, SI and SDPPG. This review aims to identify studies about the relationship between HR with RI, SI and SDPPG among humans. A literature search was conducted in Medline via the Ebscohost and Scopus databases to find relevant articles published within 11 years. The main inclusion criteria were articles in the English language that discuss the relationship between HR with RI, SI and SDPPG using PPG among humans. The search found 1960 relevant articles but only six articles that met the inclusion criteria. SI and RI showed an association with HR. SDPPG (SDPPG-b/SDPPG-a ratio, SDPPG-d/SDPPG-a ratio, aging index (AGI) and revised aging index (RAGI)) also had an association with HR. Only RI had a considerable association with HR, the association between SI and HR was non-considerable and the association between HR and SDPPG was inconclusive. Further interventional studies should be conducted to investigate this issue, as a variation in resting HR may challenge the validity of PPG-based CVD markers.
手指光体积描记图 (PPG) 波形是反映血管功能的手指微循环血量变化。反射指数 (RI)、硬度指数 (SI) 和光体积描记图的二阶导数 (SDPPG) 是从 PPG 波形中提取的，被提出作为心血管疾病 (CVD) 的标志物。心率 (HR) 是影响血管功能的已知因素。个体静息 HR 变化可能会影响 RI、SI 和 SDPPG。本综述旨在确定有关 HR 与 RI、SI 和 SDPPG 之间关系的研究。通过 Ebscohost 和 Scopus 数据库在 Medline 上进行了文献检索，以找到在 11 年内发表的相关文章。主要纳入标准是使用 PPG 讨论 HR 与 RI、SI 和 SDPPG 之间关系的英文文章。检索到 1960 篇相关文章，但只有 6 篇符合纳入标准。SI 和 RI 与 HR 有关。SDPPG（SDPPG-b/SDPPG-a 比、SDPPG-d/SDPPG-a 比、老化指数 (AGI) 和修订老化指数 (RAGI)) 也与 HR 有关。只有 RI 与 HR 有相当大的关联，SI 与 HR 的关联不显著，HR 与 SDPPG 的关联尚无定论。应该进行进一步的干预研究来调查这个问题，因为静息 HR 的变化可能会挑战基于 PPG 的 CVD 标志物的有效性。
