Zanoli Luca, Lentini Paolo, Granata Antonio, Gaudio Agostino, Fatuzzo Pasquale, Serafino Leonardo, Rastelli Stefania, Fiore Valerio, D'Anca Ambra, Signorelli Salvatore Santo, Castellino Pietro
Internal Medicine, Section of Nephrology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Policlinico Universitario, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, San Bassiano Hospital, Bassano del Grappa, Italy.
Mol Med Rep. 2017 May;15(5):3425-3429. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6392. Epub 2017 Mar 24.
Arterial stiffening is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Whether exposure to relatively high levels of air pollution is associated with arterial stiffening is unclear. We aimed to assess the association between exposure to major air pollutants and arterial stiffening. PubMed, SCOPUS and Web of Science databases (through 31 January 2017) were searched using a combination of terms related to exposure to gaseous [nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulphur dioxide (SO2)] or particulate matter pollutants (PM2.5, PM10 and PM10-2.5), arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity) and reflected waves (augmentation index, augmentation pressure). Pertinent information were extracted from selected studies. In this systematic review were included 8 studies with available data on air pollution and arterial stiffness/reflected waves parameters (8 studies explored the effects of exposure to particulate matter pollutants, 3 studies the effects of exposure to gaseous pollutants); seven of them reported increased arterial stiffness/reflected waves after exposure to air pollution (6 of 8 studies after particulate matter pollutants; 2 of 3 studies after gaseous pollutants). Arterial stiffness and reflected waves were increased in the majority of the studies after both short- and long-term exposure to air pollutants. In conclusion, available evidence supports an association of main air pollutants with increased arterial stiffness and reflected waves. This finding may have implications for population-based strategies for the reduction of arterial stiffness, a vascular biomarker and an intermediate endpoint for cardiovascular disease.
动脉僵硬度增加与心血管风险升高相关。暴露于相对高水平的空气污染是否与动脉僵硬度增加有关尚不清楚。我们旨在评估主要空气污染物暴露与动脉僵硬度之间的关联。使用与气态污染物（二氧化氮（NO2）、氮氧化物（NOx）和二氧化硫（SO2））或颗粒物污染物（PM2.5、PM10和PM10 - 2.5）暴露、动脉僵硬度（脉搏波速度）和反射波（增强指数、增强压力）相关的术语组合，检索了PubMed、SCOPUS和Web of Science数据库（截至2017年1月31日）。从选定的研究中提取相关信息。本系统评价纳入了8项关于空气污染与动脉僵硬度/反射波参数的可用数据的研究（8项研究探讨了颗粒物污染物暴露的影响，3项研究探讨了气态污染物暴露的影响）；其中7项报告称暴露于空气污染后动脉僵硬度/反射波增加（8项研究中有6项在颗粒物污染物暴露后；3项研究中有2项在气态污染物暴露后）。在大多数研究中，短期和长期暴露于空气污染物后，动脉僵硬度和反射波均增加。总之，现有证据支持主要空气污染物与动脉僵硬度和反射波增加之间存在关联。这一发现可能对基于人群的降低动脉僵硬度的策略具有启示意义，动脉僵硬度是一种血管生物标志物，也是心血管疾病的一个中间终点。
