Cardarelli Elisa, Gentili Rodolfo, Rocca Francesca Della, Zanella Marta, Caronni Sarah, Bogliani Giuseppe, Citterio Sandra
Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy.
Life (Basel). 2020 Apr 11;10(4):38. doi: 10.3390/life10040038.
Using native seed mixtures to create or recover grassland habitats in rotation to crops or in strips surrounding fields is considered a cost-effective practice to enhance ecosystem resilience and agro-biodiversity. The aim of this research was to assess the effects of native hayseed mixtures on plant and microarthropod communities in an agricultural area of Northern Italy. Three different experimental treatments were set up. The first was a control (C) (i.e., non-seeded plots left to spontaneous vegetation succession after ploughing no deeper than 15 cm). The second, hayseed seeded (Hs) after ploughing no deeper than 15 cm. The third experimental treatment was hayseed overseeded (Ov) on the resident plant community after only a superficial harrowing. Ov plots exhibited the preeminent positive effects on the total productivity and quality of the grassland in terms of total vegetation cover, cover and richness of typical grassland species (i.e., species), and cover of legumes, grasses and perennial species. Moreover, Ov sites exhibited the highest abundance of microarthropod taxa and soil biological quality (QBS-ar) but only in spring, when the disturbance of ploughing negatively affected Hs and C plots. On the other hand, Hs sites showed a great reduction of invasive alien (i.e., and ) and segetal weed species (i.e., and ) in terms of cover. This study provides valuable indication on using hayseed mixtures to create grassland habitats as reservoir of native flora and soil biodiversity in agriculture areas.
使用本地种子混合物来创建或恢复与作物轮作或在田地周围带状分布的草地栖息地，被认为是一种提高生态系统恢复力和农业生物多样性的经济有效做法。本研究的目的是评估意大利北部一个农业地区本地干草种子混合物对植物和微型节肢动物群落的影响。设置了三种不同的实验处理。第一种是对照（C）（即，在犁深不超过15厘米后任由非播种地块自然植被演替）。第二种，在犁深不超过15厘米后播种干草种子（Hs）。第三种实验处理是仅进行浅耙后在现存植物群落上撒播干草种子（Ov）。就总植被覆盖、典型草地物种（即 物种）的覆盖度和丰富度以及豆科植物、禾本科植物和多年生植物的覆盖度而言，Ov地块对草地的总生产力和质量表现出最显著的积极影响。此外，Ov地块的微型节肢动物类群丰度和土壤生物质量（QBS-ar）最高，但仅在春季如此，此时犁耕干扰对Hs和C地块产生了负面影响。另一方面，就覆盖度而言，Hs地块的外来入侵物种（即 和 ）和农田杂草物种（即 和 ）大幅减少。本研究为利用干草种子混合物在农业地区创建作为本地植物群和土壤生物多样性库的草地栖息地提供了有价值的参考。
