Espedido Andrea, Searle Ben J
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
Anxiety Stress Coping. 2020 Jul;33(4):416-428. doi: 10.1080/10615806.2020.1751828. Epub 2020 Apr 14.
Drawing upon transactional theory, this study examined the interactive effects of daily problem-prevention behaviors and an aspect of personality relevant to stress responses (i.e., behavioral activation) on next-day stress appraisals of problem-solving demands. Data were collected from 188 employees across a range of industries using an initial survey to collect information on personality, followed by twice-daily surveys over five consecutive work days to measure daily problem-prevention, stress appraisals and problem-solving demands. Multilevel analyses revealed that behavioral activation system (BAS) affected stress appraisals in unique ways. As hypothesized, BAS had a positive direct effect on challenge appraisal. It also moderated the effects of problem-prevention on next-day hindrance appraisals, such that the relationship was more strongly positive for individuals with low levels of BAS. The results demonstrate the BAS has implications not just for promoting positive challenge appraisals, but also for alleviating detrimental effects on stress appraisal. Overall, the findings emphasize the value of exploring the interactive effects of day- and person-level factors on stress appraisals, thereby offering a platform for future research.
本研究借鉴交易理论，考察了日常问题预防行为以及与应激反应相关的人格方面（即行为激活）对次日解决问题需求的应激评估的交互作用。研究数据来自188名不同行业的员工，首先通过初始调查收集人格信息，然后在连续五个工作日内每天进行两次调查，以测量日常问题预防、应激评估和解决问题的需求。多层次分析表明，行为激活系统（BAS）以独特的方式影响应激评估。正如假设的那样，BAS对挑战性评估有积极的直接影响。它还调节了问题预防对次日阻碍性评估的影响，使得对于BAS水平较低的个体，这种关系的正向性更强。结果表明，BAS不仅对促进积极的挑战性评估有影响，而且对减轻对应激评估的不利影响也有影响。总体而言，研究结果强调了探索日层面和个体层面因素对应激评估的交互作用的价值，从而为未来研究提供了一个平台。
