PhD Student Research Committee, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran.
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2022 Mar;35(6):1093-1099. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1743655. Epub 2020 Apr 14.
Achieving the millennium development goals (MDGs) and sustainable development goals (SDGs) including gender equality, reducing maternal, neonatal, and under 5 mortality rates are still considered a major global challenge. This study was performed with the aim of investigating the relationship between global gender equality and maternal as well as neonatal, and under 5 children health indicators.
The present study is an ecological study performed through credible secondary data published in 2017 for each country. Then, the Gender Equality Index along with its four areas, maternal mortality, neonatal mortality, and under 5 mortality rates were extracted. Data analysis was performed by SPSS 24 via descriptive-analytical statistics and linear regression.
There was a significant and direct correlation between all of the three variables of maternal mortality, neonatal, as well as under 5 mortality and Gender Equality Index. Correlation analysis between the above-mentioned indicators and the areas of Gender Equality Index showed that there is no significant correlation between the "economic opportunities and participation" index and none of the maternal, neonatal, and under 5 mortality indicators. The "educational attainment" index had an inverse significant correlation with the above-mentioned variables. The "survival and health" index had only an inverse significant correlation with neonatal mortality, and "political empowerment" had such a correlation with neonatal and under 5 mortality rates.
Panning and policymaking for reducing gender equality barriers should be among the top priorities of primary healthcare in order to achieve maternal, neonatal, and under 5 health universally.
实现千年发展目标（MDGs）和可持续发展目标（SDGs），包括性别平等，降低孕产妇、新生儿和 5 岁以下儿童死亡率，仍然被认为是全球面临的主要挑战之一。本研究旨在探讨全球性别平等与孕产妇以及新生儿和 5 岁以下儿童健康指标之间的关系。
本研究是一项生态研究，通过对每个国家在 2017 年公布的可信二手数据进行研究。然后，提取了性别平等指数及其四个领域，即孕产妇死亡率、新生儿死亡率和 5 岁以下儿童死亡率。数据分析使用 SPSS 24 通过描述性分析和线性回归进行。
孕产妇死亡率、新生儿死亡率和 5 岁以下儿童死亡率这三个变量与性别平等指数之间存在显著的直接相关性。对上述指标与性别平等指数领域之间的相关性分析表明，“经济机会和参与”指数与孕产妇、新生儿和 5 岁以下儿童死亡率均无显著相关性。“教育程度”指数与上述变量呈负相关。“生存和健康”指数仅与新生儿死亡率呈负相关，而“政治赋权”与新生儿和 5 岁以下儿童死亡率呈负相关。
为了实现全民孕产妇、新生儿和 5 岁以下儿童健康，规划和制定减少性别平等障碍的政策应成为初级保健的首要任务之一。
