Lyu Yanyu, Jiang Hongru, Jia Xiaofang, Su Chang, Huang Feifei, Niu Ran, Zhang Bing, Wang Huijun, Wang Zhihong
National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2020 Mar;49(2):201-207. doi: 10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2020.02.006.
To investigate the perceived stress prevalence of adult residents aged 18-65 in 15 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities) and its related factors.
Adults aged 18 to 65 years, with middle school education or above and complete demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, lifestyle, disease history and physical measurements were selected as study subjects from the database of Nutritional Status and Health Transition of Chinese Residents Project in 2015. Chinese perceived stress scale(CPSS) was used to evaluate the perceived stress level of participants, and percentile regression model was used to analyze the correlation between related factors and perceived stress.
A total of 6679 subjects were enrolled in this study. The mean and median of perceived stress scores were 22. 6 and 24. 0, respectively. The percentile regression model showed that age was positively associated with perceived stress in the 5 th, 25 th, 50 th and 95 th percentiles, and the difference between the two groups decreased with the increase of perceived stress score(P5, β=1. 31, 95%CI 0. 38-2. 24; P25, β=0. 91, 95%CI 0. 28-1. 53). Compared with the control group, adults with junior high school education had a high level of perceived stress in higher percentiles(P50, β=0. 81, 95%CI 0. 32-1. 30; P75, β=0. 42, 95%CI 0. 11-0. 72; P95, β=0. 62, 95%CI 0. 06-1. 18). Perceived stress levels in the 50 th, 75 th and 95 th percentiles were lower in the married adults than in the control group(P50, β=-0. 81, 95%CI-1. 40--0. 23; P75, β=-0. 39, 95%CI-0. 68--0. 10; P95, β=-0. 95, 95%CI-1. 79--0. 12). In the 5 th, 25 th, 50 th and 75 th percentiles, the perceived stress level of no workers is higher than that of workers, and the difference decreases with the increase of perceived stress score(P5, β=1. 31, 95%CI 0. 32-2. 31; P75, β=0. 53, 95%CI 0. 35-0. 71). Income level showed a positive association with perceived stress across the entire conditional perceived stress distribution(P<0. 05). People with low levels of physical activity had higher levels of perceived stress in the 25 th, 50 th, and 75 th percentiles than the control group(P25, β=1. 15, 95%CI 0. 41-1. 90; P50, β=1. 09, 95%CI 0. 62-1. 56; P75, β=0. 28, 95%CI 0. 07-0. 49). Urbanization level and alcohol consumption and other factors had influence on perceived stress in different percentile(P<0. 05). No significant correlation was found between housing ownership, smoking, sleep duration and perceived stress.
The perceived stress level of adult residents aged 18 to 65 in 15 provinces of China is on the high level on the whole, which is correlated with age, marital state employment, annual per capita income, physical activity level and other factors.
调查15个省（自治区、直辖市）18 - 65岁成年居民的感知压力患病率及其相关因素。
从2015年中国居民营养与健康状况变迁项目数据库中选取年龄在18至65岁、具有初中及以上文化程度且具备完整人口统计学和社会经济特征、生活方式、疾病史及身体测量数据的成年人作为研究对象。采用中国感知压力量表（CPSS）评估参与者的感知压力水平，并使用百分位数回归模型分析相关因素与感知压力之间的相关性。
本研究共纳入6679名受试者。感知压力得分的均值和中位数分别为22.6和24.0。百分位数回归模型显示，年龄在第5、25、50和95百分位数时与感知压力呈正相关，两组之间的差异随感知压力得分的增加而减小（P5，β = 1.31，95%CI 0.38 - 2.24；P25，β = 0.91，95%CI 0.28 - 1.53）。与对照组相比，初中文化程度的成年人在较高百分位数时感知压力水平较高（P50，β = 0.81，95%CI 0.32 - 1.30；P75，β = 0.42，95%CI 0.11 - 0.72；P95，β = 0.62，95%CI 0.06 - 1.18）。已婚成年人在第50、75和95百分位数时的感知压力水平低于对照组（P50，β = -0.81，95%CI -1.40 - -0.23；P75，β = -0.39，95%CI -0.68 - -0.10；P95，β = -0.95，95%CI -1.79 - -0.12）。在第5、25、50和75百分位数时，无业者的感知压力水平高于有工作者，且差异随感知压力得分的增加而减小（P5，β = 1.31，95%CI 0.32 - 2.31；P75，β = 0.53）。在整个条件感知压力分布中，收入水平与感知压力呈正相关（P < 0.05）。身体活动水平低的人在第25、50和75百分位数时的感知压力水平高于对照组（P25，β = 1.15，95%CI 0.41 - 1.90；P50，β = 1.09，95%CI 0.62 - 1.56；P75，β = 0.28，95%CI 0.07 - 0.49）。城市化水平和饮酒等因素在不同百分位数对感知压力有影响（P < 0.05）。未发现住房所有权、吸烟、睡眠时间与感知压力之间存在显著相关性。
中国15个省18至65岁成年居民的感知压力水平总体处于较高水平，与年龄、婚姻状况、就业、人均年收入、身体活动水平等因素相关。
