Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
J Fish Dis. 2020 Jun;43(6):665-672. doi: 10.1111/jfd.13162. Epub 2020 Apr 15.
Gill parasitic infections challenge farming of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum) in freshwater facilities. Apart from flagellates (Ichthyobodo, (Pinto) and ciliates (Ichthyophthirius (Fouquet), Ambiphrya (Raabe), Apiosoma (Blanchard), Trichodinella (Sramek-Husek) and Trichodina (Ehrenberg)), we have shown that amoebae are prevalent in Danish trout farms. Gills were isolated from farmed rainbow trout in six fish farms (conventional and organic earth pond and recirculated systems) and placed on non-nutrient agar (NNA) moistened with modified Neff's amoeba saline (AS) (15°C). Gill amoebae from all examined fish colonized the agar and were identified based on morphological criteria showing species within the genera Trinema (Dujardin) (family Trinematidae), Vannella (Bovee) (family Vannellidae). In addition, hartmannellid amoebae were recorded. We established a monoculture of Vannella sp., confirmed the genus identity by PCR and sequencing and performed an in vitro determination of antiparasitic effects (dose-response studies) of various compounds including sodium chloride (NaCl), hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid, formalin, aqueous garlic and oregano extracts and a Pseudomonas H6 surfactant. All amoebae were killed in concentrations of 16.90 mg/ml (garlic), 17.90 mg/ml (oregano), NaCl (7.5 mg/ml), hydrogen peroxide (100 µg/ml), peracetic acid (0.03 µg/ml), formaldehyde (25 µg/ml) and the Pseudomonas H6 surfactant (250 µg/ml).
吉尔寄生虫感染对淡水设施中虹鳟（Oncorhynchus mykiss，Walbaum）的养殖构成挑战。除鞭毛虫（Ichthyobodo，（Pinto）和纤毛虫（Ichthyophthirius（Fouquet），Ambiphrya（Raabe），Apiosoma（Blanchard），Trichodinella（Sramek-Husek）和Trichodina（Ehrenberg））外，我们还表明，在丹麦的虹鳟养殖场中，变形虫很普遍。从六个养殖场（常规和有机土池塘和循环系统）的养殖虹鳟中分离出鳃，并将其放置在非营养琼脂（NNA）上，用改良的 Neff 变形虫盐水（AS）（15°C）润湿。从所有检查过的鱼中分离出的鳃变形虫都在琼脂上定殖，并根据形态学标准进行了鉴定，这些标准显示了属 Trinem（Dujardin）（Trinematidae 科）和 Vannella（Bovee）（Vannellidae 科）的物种。此外，还记录了 Hartmannellidae 变形虫。我们建立了 Vannella sp.的纯培养物，通过 PCR 和测序证实了属的身份，并进行了各种化合物（包括氯化钠（NaCl），过氧化氢，过氧乙酸，福尔马林，大蒜水和牛至提取物以及 Pseudomonas H6 表面活性剂）的体外抗寄生虫作用（剂量反应研究）。所有变形虫都在 16.90 mg/ml（大蒜），17.90 mg/ml（牛至），NaCl（7.5 mg/ml），过氧化氢（100 µg/ml），过氧乙酸（0.03 µg/ml），福尔马林（25 µg/ml）和 Pseudomonas H6 表面活性剂（250 µg/ml）的浓度下被杀死。
